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What are Concerns Regarding Endocrine Disruptors
?
In the last two decades there has been a growing awareness of the possible adverse effects in humans and wildlife from exposure to chemicals that can interfere with the endocrine system
.
These effects can include
:
developmental malformations
,
interference with reproduction
,
increased cancer risk
;
and disturbances in the immune and nervous system function
.
Clear evidence exists that some chemicals cause these effects in wildlife
,
but limited evidence exists for the potential of chemicals to cause these effects in humans at environmental exposure levels
.
Very few chemicals have been tested for their potential to interfere with the endocrine system
.
Current standard test methods do not provide adequate data to identify potential endocrine disruptors
(
EDs
)
or to assess their risks to humans and wildlife
.
In recent years
,
some scientists have proposed that chemicals might inadvertently be disrupting the endocrine system of humans and wildlife
.
A variety of chemicals have been found to disrupt the endocrine systems of animals in laboratory studies
,
and there is strong evidence that chemical exposure has been associated with adverse developmental and reproductive effects on fish and wildlife in particular locations
.
The relationship of human diseases of the endocrine system and exposure to environmental contaminants
,
however
,
is poorly understood and scientifically controversial
(
Kavlock et al
.,
1996
,
EPA
,
1997
).
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