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Jun 16, 2022 · Discovery of the Genetic Code. The transmission of genetic traits in initial genetic experiments by Gregor Mendel indicated that genetic information is carried from one generation to another in some discrete physical and chemical entity. Later, amino acids were thought to be the carriers of genetic information.
Nov 29, 2023 · Introduction. Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) safeguards cells against aberrant mRNAs and their translation products (Brogna et al., 2016; Celik et al., 2017).In mammalian cells, a ribosome translating a normal transcript evicts exon junction complexes (EJCs), which are protein marks left behind by the splicing machinery, and other RNA binding proteins (RBPs) as it makes its way through the ...
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Jun 20, 2018 · On top of these internal drivers which can cause a substitution mutation, there are also external forces which can cause nucleotide swaps. Carcinogens and mutagens are a special classes of chemicals which drastically impede the protein machinery and cause lots of mutations.
Jul 11, 2023 · Background Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) was originally conceived as an mRNA surveillance mechanism to prevent the production of potentially deleterious truncated proteins. Research also shows NMD is an important post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism selectively targeting many non-aberrant mRNAs. However, how natural genetic variants affect NMD and modulate gene expression ...
Jan 11, 2021 · The Genetic Code. All our genetic information is stored and passed on in the simple arrangement of 4 basic nitrogenous bases – Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C). In RNA, the Thymine is replaced by Uracil (U). Adenine and Guanine are called purines, while thymine, cytosine and uracil are pyrimidines.
