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1 day ago · If a and b have different signs, define a + b to be the difference between |a| and |b|, with the sign of the term whose absolute value is larger. [61] As an example, −6 + 4 = −2 ; because −6 and 4 have different signs, their absolute values are subtracted, and since the absolute value of the negative term is larger, the answer is negative.
5 hours ago · b is the impact parameter, the lateral distance between the alpha particle's initial trajectory and the nucleus. To apply the hyperbolic trajectory solutions to the alpha particle problem, Rutherford expresses the parameters of the hyperbola in terms of the scattering geometry and energies.
