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16 hours ago · Oz's promotion of pseudoscience, including on the topics of alternative medicine, faith healing, and various paranormal beliefs, has earned him criticism from a number of medical publications and physicians. Oz ran in the 2022 U.S. Senate election in Pennsylvania as a conservative Republican.
16 hours ago · In vitro fertilisation This image shows intracytoplasmic sperm injection, the most commonly used IVF technique. Specialty Reproductive endocrinology and infertility ICD-10-PCS 8E0ZXY1 [edit on Wikidata] In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass"). The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process ...
- Medical Uses
- Side Effects
- Interactions
- Pharmacology
- Chemistry
- History
- As An Anti-Aging/Longevity Drug
- As A Nootropic/"Smart Drug"
- Society and Culture
- Veterinary Use
Parkinson's disease
In its pill form, selegiline is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is most often used as an adjunct to drugs such as levodopa (L-DOPA), although it has been used off-label as a monotherapy. The rationale for adding selegiline to levodopa is to decrease the required dose of levodopa and thus reduce the motor complications of levodopa therapy. Selegiline delays the point when levodopa treatment becomes necessary from about 11 months to about 18 months after diagnosis.There is som...
Depression
Selegiline is also delivered via a transdermal patch used as a treatment for major depressive disorder.Administration of transdermal selegiline bypasses hepatic first pass metabolism. This avoids inhibition of gastrointestinal and hepatic MAO-A activity, which would result in an increase of food-borne tyraminein the blood and possible related adverse effects, while allowing for a sufficient amount of selegiline to reach the brain for an antidepressant effect. A quantitative review published i...
Special populations
For all human uses and all forms, selegiline is pregnancy categoryC: studies in pregnant lab animals have shown adverse effects on the fetus but there are no adequate studies in humans.
Side effects of the tablet form in conjunction with levodopa include, in decreasing order of frequency, nausea, hallucinations, confusion, depression, loss of balance, insomnia, increased involuntary movements, agitation, slow or irregular heart rate, delusions, hypertension, new or increased angina pectoris, and syncope.Most of the side effects ar...
Both the oral and patch forms come with strong warnings against combining selegiline with drugs that could produce serotonin syndrome, such as SSRIs and the cough medicine dextromethorphan. Selegiline in combination with the opioid analgesic pethidine is not recommended, as it can lead to severe adverse effects. Several other synthetic opioids such...
Pharmacodynamics
Selegiline is a selective inhibitor of MAO-B, irreversibly inhibiting it by binding to it covalently. It is generally believed to exert its effects by blocking the breakdown of dopamine, thus increasing its activity; however, recent evidence suggests that MAO-A is solely or almost entirely responsible for the metabolism of dopamine. Its possible neuroprotective properties may be due to protecting nearby neurons from the free oxygen radicals that are released by MAO-B activity. At higher doses...
Pharmacokinetics
Selegiline has an oral bioavailability of about 10%, which increases when ingested together with a fatty meal, as the molecule is fat soluble. Selegiline and its metabolites bind extensively to plasma proteins (at a rate of 94%). They cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the brain, where they most concentrated at the thalamus, basal ganglia, midbrain, and cingulate gyrus. Selegiline is mostly metabolized in the intestines and liver; it and its metabolites are excreted in the urine. Buccal...
Selegiline belongs to the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical families. It is also known as L-deprenyl, as well as (R)-(–)-N,α-dimethyl-N-(2-propynyl)phenethylamine or (R)-(–)-N-methyl-N-2-propynylamphetamine. The compound is a derivative of levomethamphetamine (L-methamphetamine) with a propargyl group attached to the nitrogen atom. This detai...
Following the discovery in 1952 that the tuberculosis drug iproniazid elevated the mood of people taking it, and the subsequent discovery that the effect was likely due to inhibition of MAO, many people and companies started trying to discover MAO inhibitors to use as antidepressants. Selegiline was discovered by Zoltan Ecseri at the Hungarian drug...
Joseph Knoll and his team are credited with having developed selegiline. Although selegeline's development as a potential treatment for Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and major depressive disorder was headed by other teams, Knoll remained at the forefront of research into the potential longevity enhancing effects of selegiline up until his death in 2018...
Selegiline is considered by some to be a nootropic, both at clinical and sub-clinical dosages, and has been used off-label to improve cognitive performance. It has been shown to have protective activity against a range of neurotoxins and to increase the production of several brain growth factors, such as nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrop...
In E for Ecstasy (a book examining the uses of the street drug ecstasy in the UK) the writer, activist and ecstasy advocate Nicholas Saunders highlighted test results showing that certain consignments of the drug also contained selegiline. Consignments of ecstasy known as "Strawberry" contained what Saunders described as a "potentially dangerous co...
In veterinary medicine, selegiline is sold under the brand name Anipryl (manufactured by Zoetis). It is used in dogs to treat canine cognitive dysfunction and, at higher doses, pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH). Canine cognitive dysfunction is a form of dementia that mimics Alzheimer's disease in humans. Geriatric dogs treated with sel...
16 hours ago · Lead poisoning, also known as plumbism and saturnism, is a type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body. [2] Symptoms may include abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, irritability, memory problems, infertility, and tingling in the hands and feet. [1] It causes almost 10% of intellectual disability of otherwise unknown cause and can ...
16 hours ago · Ancient Ayurvedic medicine can help you live longer and help you stay cool in the summer heat. ( (SL Advertiser)) To learn more about Eternal Radiance Ayurveda and the many benefits of Ayurveda ...
16 hours ago · The West Africa Birds Study Association (WABSA) and the Department of Parks and Wildlife Management (DPWM) and key stakeholders recently held a day’s forum on the alternative use of Vulture parts as traditional medicine. The synergy, organised in a form of ...
16 hours ago · "🌿 Just wrapped up an amazing Classical Healing Intensive! 🙌 Here's what one of our participants had to say.Thank you to everyone who joined us. Your dedi...
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