Search results
1 day ago · Lieutenant-General Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, OM, GCMG, GCVO, KCB, KStJ, DL (/ ˈ b eɪ d ən ˈ p oʊ əl / BAY-dən POH-əl; [4] 22 February 1857 – 8 January 1941) was a British Army officer, writer, founder and first Chief Scout of the world-wide Scout Movement, and founder, with his sister Agnes, of the world-wide Girl Guide/Girl Scout Movement.
4 hours ago · To use QuickDraw, press the "X" key. To use Gun Tricks, press "TAB" once. To open the menu, press "F5". My mod was designed to bring more immersion to Red Dead Redemption 2, giving you that authentic feeling of living in the Wild West. With this mod, you can have fun creating quickdraw scenes or perform.
1 day ago · British literature is from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands. This article covers British literature in the English language. Anglo-Saxon (Old English) literature is included, and there is some discussion of Latin and Anglo-Norman literature, where literature in these languages ...
1 day ago · An adviser to Volodymyr Zelenskyy has reiterated Ukraine's request to use long-range missiles inside Russia. Following a meeting with President Biden at the White House last night, Sir Keir ...
- Early Life, Business Career, and Family Life
- Early Political Career
- National Politics
- Statesman: 1895–1903
- Zenith of Power: 1900–03
- Tariff Reform, Unionist Split, and Countrywide Crusade: 1902–06
- Stroke, Decline, and Death
- Memory and Historiography
- Popular Culture
- Books by Him
Chamberlain was born on Camberwell Grove in Camberwell to Joseph Chamberlain (1796–1874), a successful shoe manufacturer, and Caroline (1806–1875), daughter of cheese (formerly beer) merchant Henry Harben. His younger brother was Richard Chamberlain, later also a Liberal politician. Raised at Highbury, a prosperous suburb of North London, he was ed...
Calls for reform
Chamberlain became involved in Liberal politics, influenced by the strong radical and liberal traditions among Birmingham shoemakers and the long tradition of social action in Chamberlain's Unitarian church. There was pressure to redistribute parliamentary seats to cities and to enfranchise a greater proportion of urban men. In 1866, Earl Russell's Liberal administration submitted a Reform Bill to create 400,000 new voters, but the bill was opposed by the "Adullamite" Liberals for disrupting...
Mayor of Birmingham
In November 1873 the Liberal Party swept the municipal elections and Chamberlain was elected mayor of Birmingham. The Conservatives had denounced his Radicalism and called him a "monopoliser and a dictator" while the Liberals had campaigned against their High churchTory opponents with the slogan "The People above the Priests". The city's municipal administration was notably lax with regards to public works and many urban dwellers lived in conditions of great poverty. As mayor, Chamberlain pro...
Parliament and National Liberal Federation: 1876–80
Chamberlain was invited to stand for election as an MP by the Sheffield Reform Association, an offshoot of the Liberal Party in the city, soon after starting as mayor. Chamberlain's first Parliamentary campaign in 1874 was a fierce one; opponents accused him of republicanism and atheism and even threw dead cats at him on the speaking platform. Chamberlain came in third—a poor result for a leading urban Radical—and rejected the possibility of standing in Sheffield again. Instead, he stood unop...
President of the Board of Trade: 1880–85
Despite having sat in Parliament for only four years, Chamberlain hoped for a Cabinet position, and told Sir William Harcourt that he was prepared to lead a revolt and field Radical candidates in borough elections. Although Gladstone did not hold the NLF in high regard, he was eager to reconcile Chamberlain and other Radicals to the mainly Whig cabinet, and he invited Chamberlain to become President of the Board of Tradeon 27 April 1880. After his success in municipal politics, Chamberlain wa...
Liberal Unionist: 1886–93
Immediately after his resignation from Cabinet, Chamberlain launched a ferocious campaign against Gladstone's Irish proposals. His motivations combined imperial, domestic, and personal themes: imperial because the proposal threatened to weaken Parliament's control over the United Kingdom, domestic because they downplayed the Radical programme, and personal because they weakened his own standing in the party. On 9 April, Chamberlain spoke against the Irish Home Rule Bill in its first reading....
Colonial Secretary
Having agreed to a set of policies, the Conservatives and Liberal Unionists formed a government on 24 June 1895, with Liberal Unionists granted four Cabinet positions. Salisbury and Balfour offered Chamberlain any Cabinet position except Foreign Secretary or Leader of the House of Commons which they reserved for themselves respectively. To their surprise, Chamberlain asked for the Colonial Office, declining the Exchequer, for unwillingness to be constrained by Conservative spending plans, and...
Workmen's Compensation Act and pension proposal
Despite his focus on foreign policy as Colonial Secretary, Chamberlain had not abandoned his long dedication to social reform. His Workmen's Compensation Act 1897, which adapted the German model, was a key domestic achievement of the Unionist government. It cost the Treasury nothing since compensation was paid for by insurance that employers were required to take out. The system operated from 1897 to 1946. Chamberlain also attempted to design an old age pension programme but failed to gain Co...
Khaki Election of 1900
In the 1900 election Salisbury, in mourning for his wife and ill himself, made no speeches and Balfour made few public appearances. In their stead Chamberlain dominated the Unionist campaign to the point that some referred to it as "Joe's election”.[citation needed] He ensured that the Boer War featured as the campaign's single issue, arguing that a Liberal victory would result in defeat in South Africa and lending the election its ‘khaki election’ sobriquet, after the colour of the new unifo...
Third failed attempt at Anglo-German alliance: 1900–02
The ailing Salisbury resigned as Foreign Secretary at the conclusion of the 1900 election, under pressure from Balfour and Queen Victoria.[b]He was succeeded in that role by the relatively inexperienced Lord Lansdowne, but Chamberlain seized the initiative in British foreign affairs. His first goal was, yet again, to formulate an agreement with Germany. On 16 January 1901, Chamberlain and Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire made it known to Baron Hermann von Eckardstein that Britain sti...
Conclusion of the Boer War: 1900–02
Despite Chamberlain's and popular belief throughout the general election campaign, the Boers had not been subdued, and the "guerilla business" to which Chamberlain referred persisted through May 1902. As the war dragged on Chamberlain was caught between Unionists demanding a more effective military policy and many Liberals denouncing the conduct of the war.[citation needed]
As an extension of Chamberlain's desire for Imperial Federation against a growing global shift towards the German Empire and the United States of America, he sought to unify and strengthen the imperial economy on the model of Otto von Bismarck's Zollverein and the American protective system. This desire was manifested in the policy of imperial pref...
On 8 July 1906 Chamberlain celebrated his seventieth birthday and Birmingham was enlivened for a number of days by official luncheons, public addresses, parades, bands and an influx of thousands of congratulatory telegrams. Tens of thousands of people crowded into the city for Chamberlain's passionate 10 July speech promoting the virtues of Radical...
Winston Churchill called Chamberlain "a splendid piebald: first black, then white, or, in political terms, first fiery red, then true blue". That is the conventional view of Chamberlain's politics – that he became gradually more conservative, beginning to the left of the Liberal party and ending to the right of the Conservatives. An alternative vie...
Chamberlain was the subject of two parody novels based on Alice in Wonderland, Caroline Lewis's Clara in Blunderland (1902) and Lost in Blunderland(1903).Ernest Thesiger portrayed him in The Life Story of David Lloyd GeorgeHenry Hallett portrayed him in Victoria the Great and Sixty Glorious YearsGustaf Gründgens portrayed him in Ohm KrugerJoseph Chamberlain (1903). Imperial Union and Tariff Reform. G. Richards.Joseph Chamberlain (1885). The Radical Programme. Chapman and Hall.Joseph Chamberlain (1902). Mr. Chamberlain's Defence of the British Troops in South Africa against the foreign slanders. John Murray.1 day ago · Wild Horse racing in Palio di Legnano 2013. Horse racing is an equestrian performance activity, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys (or sometimes driven without riders) over a set distance for competition. It is one of the most ancient of all sports, as its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the ...
4 hours ago · (a) shows or reads obscene text, images or words to a child, or makes a child listen or read obscene text, images or words, (b) places, displays or shows obscene content in places which children can see, read or hear (c) sells or rents obscene content in a way that may aims to hide the actual content (d) sells or rents obscene content in places ...
