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  2. Motives are often categorized into primary, or basic, motives, which are unlearned and common to both animals and humans; and secondary, or learned, motives, which can differ from animal to animal and person to person. Primary motives are thought to include hunger, thirst, sex, avoidance of pain, and perhaps aggression….

    • Achievement motives: They refer to a drive towards some standards of excellence. People with high-level achievement motives prefer tasks that would promise success and are moderately difficult.
    • Affiliation motives: Man cannot exist in isolation. The need to be with other people is known as affiliation need. This need is revealed through one’s attraction to others through friendship, sociability or group membership.
    • Aggression motives: Intense frustrations after high expectations, verbal and nonverbal insults, fear and anxiety can trigger aggression. Television and cinema depicting violence can make youngsters model themselves to aggressive behaviour.
    • Power motives: Social power is defined as the ability of an individual to produce intended effect on the behaviour or emotions of other people. Persons with power motives will be concerned with having impact, influence and reputation.
  3. Jan 30, 2023 · We are motivated to seek food, water, and sex, but our behavior is also influenced by social approval, acceptance, the need to achieve, and the motivation to take or to avoid risks, to name a few (Morsella, Bargh, & Gollwitzer, 2009). This article introduces some of the core concepts in the science of motivation.

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  4. Summary. Behaviorism, psychoanalysis, and cognitive theory each subjected affect to the status of a dependent variable. The cognitive revolution was required to emancipate the study of cognition from its cooption and distortion by behaviorism and by psychoanalytic theory.

  5. Motivation is the desire to act in service of a goal. It's the crucial element in setting and attaining our objectives. Motivation is one of the driving forces behind human...

  6. Primary motivation can be defined as the initial action or stimulus that drives an individual to act or to pursue a goal. It is the source of energy and inspiration that propels an individual forward, ultimately leading to the desired outcome.

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