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Esperanto (/ ˌ ɛ s p ə ˈ r ɑː n t oʊ /, /-æ n t oʊ /) is the world's most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Created by L. L. Zamenhof in 1887, it is intended to be a universal second language for international communication, or "the international language" (la Lingvo Internacia).
- History
- Goals of The Esperanto Movement
- Esperanto Culture
- The Language
- Criticism
- Example of Text
- Metaphoric Use of The Word "Esperanto"
- Other Websites
Zamenhof's childhood
L. L. Zamenhof created Esperanto. He grew up in Białystok, a town that was in the Russian Empire, but is now in Poland. People in Białystok spoke many languages. Zamenhof saw conflicts between individual ethnic groups living there (Russians, Poles, Germans and Jews). He thought that lack of a common language caused these conflicts, so he began creating a language people could share and use internationally.He thought this language should be different from national languages. He wanted it to be...
First attempts
First, Zamenhof thought about bringing Latin back into use. Although he learned it in school, he realized it was too difficult for normal use. He also studied English and understood that languages did not need to conjugate verbs by person or number. Once he saw two Russian words: швейцарская (reception, derived from швейцар - receptionist) and кондитерская (confectionery, derived from кондитер - confectioner). These words with the same ending gave him an idea. He decided that regular prefixes...
Creation of the final version
Zamenhof did his first project Lingwe uniwersala (Universal Language) in 1878. But his father, a language teacher, regarded his son's work as unrealistic. So, he destroyed the original work. Between 1879 and 1885 Zamenhof studied medicine in Moscow and Warsaw. In these days he again worked on an international language. In 1887 he published his first textbook Международный языкъ ("The International Language"). According to Zamenhof's pen-name Doktoro Esperanto ("Doctor who hopes"), many people...
Zamenhof wanted to make an easy language to increase international understanding. He wanted Esperanto to be a universal second language. In other words, although he did not want Esperanto to replace national languages, he wanted a majority of people around the world to speak Esperanto. Many Esperantists initially shared this goal. General Assembly ...
Many people use Esperanto to communicate by mail, email, blogs or chat roomswith Esperantists in other countries. Some travel to other countries to meet and talk in Esperanto with other Esperantists.
Esperanto uses grammar and words from many natural languages, such as Latin, Russian, and French. Morphemes in Esperanto (the smallest parts of a word that can have a meaning) cannot be changed and people can combine them into many different words. The language has got common attributes with isolating languages (they use word order to change the me...
Some of the criticism of Esperanto is common for any project of constructed international language: a new language has little chance to replace today's international languages like English, Arabicand others. The criticism, which is specific for Esperanto, targets various parts of the language itself (the special Esperanto letters, the -nending, sou...
Normal sample: Ĉiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj laŭdigno kaj rajtoj. Ili posedas racion kaj konsciencon, kaj devus konduti unu la alian en spirito de frateco. Version in h-system: Chiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj laudigno kaj rajtoj. Ili posedas racion kaj konsciencon, kaj devus konduti unu la alian en spirito de frateco. Ver...
People sometimes use the word "Esperanto" in a metaphoric way (not in its literal sense). They use it to say that something aims to be international or neutral, or it uses a wide mixture of ideas. They say the programming language Java is "independent of specific computer systems [e.g. Windows, Android] like Esperanto is independent of ... nations"...
Esperanto on CitizendiumLernu!A popular website to learn Esperanto.May 10, 2024 · Esperanto, artificial language constructed in 1887 by L.L. Zamenhof, a Polish oculist, and intended for use as an international second language. Zamenhof’s Fundamento de Esperanto, published in 1905, lays down the basic principles of the language’s structure and formation.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
People also ask
Is Esperanto worth it to learn?
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Why does Esperanto sound like Italian?
Nov 29, 2023 · And even though Esperanto was made to be an auxiliary language, there is a cohort of about 1,000 people who speak Esperanto as their first language, a few of whom were interviewed in the video above. The most famous native speaker is Hungarian-American billionaire philanthropist George Soros, whose father was a devotee of the language.
Esperanto is an international auxiliary language created by Dr. Zamenhof in 1887. Learn about its origins, features, speakers, literature, and how to learn and use it online.
Esperanto is a simple and flexible language that can be learned quickly and used to communicate with people from different cultures. Find out more about Esperanto, how to learn it, and how to join the global Esperanto community.
Esperanto.net offers various ways of learning Esperanto online or locally, with different methods and levels. Esperanto is a universal language that can be learnt quickly and used in many cultures and contexts.
