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The Revolutions of 1989, also known as the Fall of Communism, was a revolutionary wave of liberal democracy movements that resulted in the collapse of most Marxist–Leninist governments in the Eastern Bloc and other parts of the world.
Aug 1, 2009 · To conclude, the revolutions of 1989 have fundamentally changed the political, economic and cultural maps of the world. Resulting from the widespread dissatisfaction with Leninist ideological domination, they allowed for a rediscovery of democratic participation and civic activism.
- Vladimir Tismaneanu
- 2009
The Revolutions of 1989 refers to the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe, the end of the period of the Cold War and the removal of the Iron Curtain between Eastern and Western Europe. Primarily, it was the disavowal of Communism by all of the Eastern European states that were in the Soviet sphere of influence after World War II .
Nov 5, 2019 · It was on 9 November 1989, five days after half a million people gathered in East Berlin in a mass protest, that the Berlin Wall dividing communist East Germany from West Germany crumbled. East...
- Early Protests
- The Fall of Communism in Poland and Hungary
- The Fall of The Berlin Wall
- The Other Revolutions of 1989
- Aftermath
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In March 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary of the USSR. Desperate to fix the potentially fatal flaws in the Soviet system, he enacted two main policies. Perestroika(economic restructuring) entailed opening the Soviet economy to limited forms of free enterprise. Therefore, some private medical clinics began to pop up, and foreign busi...
By late 1988 to early 1989, the protests were revolutionary in nature and had spread throughout the entire Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc. For example, in Poland, mass strikes were encouraged by the anti-authoritarian independent trade union and political party Solidarity. Then, following Gorbachev's December 1988 announcement that the USSR could no...
Perhaps the most famous revolution of 1989 occurred in the German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany). Much like the rest of Eastern Europe, by the 1980s, the East German economy was stagnant and unproductive. Moreover, the Berlin Wall, constructed in 1961 to prevent people from fleeing to West Germany, had become a symbol of the Iron Curtain...
Following the Polish, Hungarian, and German revolutions, similar political upheaval occurred throughout the Soviet sphere. The Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia led to the end of communist rule in the country and the separation of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Bulgariaalso saw widespread peaceful protests, which led to the first free elections...
On December 26, 1991, the Soviet parliament voted the USSR out of existence. Since then, only a handful of countries have self-described as Communist. Thus, the continued impact of the events of 1989 is profound. Western-style capitalism is now the de facto international economic system. Furthermore, the years of the communist rule took their toll ...
Learn how the revolutions of 1989 toppled communist regimes across Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, and led to the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany. Explore the causes, events, and consequences of these historic upheavals that changed the world.
This article analyzes the social and political impact of the popular revolutions that brought an end to communist rule and the Cold War in 1989. It examines the challenges and controversies that the countries of Eastern Europe faced in the post-socialist transition and the legacy of history in today's Europe.
Date: November 1989 - December 1989. Location: Czechoslovakia. Velvet Revolution, nationwide protest movement in Czechoslovakia in November–December 1989 that ended more than 40 years of communist rule in the country. In 1989 a wave of protests against communist rule erupted in eastern Europe.
