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The Leader in Measurement Instrumentation for Over 50 Years. For over half a century Emerson has been your trusted partner in exploring new opportunities, boldly leading the way forward with an unparalleled portfolio of measurement and analytical instrumentation, software, integrated systems, and services. These innovative solutions provide the ...
- Temperature Measurement
Temperature measurement products provide innovative...
- Flow Measurement
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- Level Measurement
Powerful onboard diagnostics give insight into device health...
- Tank Gauging System
Tank gauging means liquid measurement in large storage tanks...
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From C6+ natural gas measurement to combustion, to complex...
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- Article Scope
- What Is A Measurement Instrument?
- Elements of A Measurement Instrument
- Classification of Instruments
- Pneumatic Instruments
- Electrical / Electronic Instruments
- General Concepts
- An Example
- Conclusion
Someone once asked a colleague what his occupation was. He replied without hesitation, "I am an instrumentation and control engineer." "And what is that?" asked his interlocutor. "...Oh. Oh ... I'm in trouble," thought the engineer. To explain what a mechanical, electrical, chemical, or electrical engineer does is relatively easy, but it is another...
A measurement instrument is a device capable of detecting change, physical or otherwise, in a particular process. It then converts these physical changes into some form of information understandable by the user. Consider the example of Figure 1. When the switch is closed, the resistor generates heat, increasing the temperature of the liquid in the ...
Measurement instruments consist primarily of the following parts: 1. Sensor: This element is a device that experiences changes in its physical properties as a result of changes in the process it's measuring. 2. Amplifier / Conditioner: Changes detected by the sensor may be very small, so they must be amplified and then conditioned such that they ca...
There are different classifications for measurement instruments. We can classify them, for example, as in-field instruments or panel instruments. The in-field instrument is installed close to the process or measuring point. It must be physically robust if it will be exposed to harsh environmental conditions. Panel instruments are in a controlled-en...
As the name suggests, these are devices that are powered by air. One of the advantages of these instruments is that they do not consume electricity, so they can be used in areas where it would be dangerous or inconvenient to use electrical power. They work with a single variable, are imprecise instruments, are affected by vibrations and temperature...
Electronic instruments can be divided into three general categories: analog, smart analog, and digital.
Range:The region between the limits within which a variable is measured. It indicates the minimum and maximum values that limit the region. The range is expressed with two numbers, e.g., 10 to 20 °C, 10 to 150 V, 0 to 100% Span: Calculated as the maximum value of the range minus the minimum value of the range. Span is expressed with a single number...
For a better understanding of the concepts expressed above, consider the following example. We have an oil tank where we are required to continuously measure the temperature. The operating conditions for this process are as follows: 1. Minimum temperature: -10 °C 2. Maximum temperature: 90 °C 3. The measurement accuracy must be 1% of the span or be...
In this article, we have discussed measurement devices and fundamental measurement concepts in the context of instrumentation and control systems. We also looked at a simple example system involving a heating element and an instrument that can collect and transmit temperature data. In the next article, we will cover the four basic variables used in...
May 20, 2022 · Pressure Control: Pressure Switch. A pressure switch is a device that controls systems against pressure drops or pressure spikes. The most basic types of pressure switches work on an ON-OFF basis, but can also be manufactured to work in PID mode. The fundamental method of operation is to set the “Set-Pressure” to a given quantity.
xvi Measurement and Control Basics fluid flow has been expanded and impr oved in Chapter 9. A discussion on types of control valves and control valve actuators was added to Chapter 10 and the section on control valve sizing was expanded and improved. All of the chapters have been supplemented with new or improved exam-ple problems and exercises.
Instrument Devices – Pressure Measurement and Control Transducers. A transducer is defined as a device capable of converting energy from one form into another. It can be found at the input stage as well as at the output stage of a measuring system. Input transducer
Field instrumentation to measure and monitor flow, level, pressure, temperature and analyze liquids. Depending on the application a field instrument is required to measure and control different automation processes. This is why our field instruments use different measuring principles to operate reliably and accurately in any situation.
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Control engineers are responsible for the research, design, and development of control devices and systems, typically in manufacturing facilities and process plants. Control methods employ sensors to measure the output variable of the device and provide feedback to the controller so that it can make corrections toward desired performance.
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