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Philip Henry Sheridan (March 6, 1831 – August 5, 1888) was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War.His career was noted for his rapid rise to major general and his close association with General-in-chief Ulysses S. Grant, who transferred Sheridan from command of an infantry division in the Western Theater to lead the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the ...
- Appearance
- Military career
- Military service
- Background
- Aftermath
- Battle
- Later career
- Legacy
- Prelude
- Philanthropy
- Death
Philip Henry Sheridan was once described by Abraham Lincoln as A brown, chunky little chap, with a long body, short legs, not enough neck to hang him, and such long arms that if his ankles itch he can scratch them without stooping. Still, Little Phil rose to tremendous power and fame before his untimely death of a heart attack at age 57.
Like Patrick Cleburne, Sheridan rose very quickly in rank. In the fall of 1861, Sheridan was a staff officer for Maj. Gen. Henry Halleck. He later became quartermaster general in the Army of Southwest Missouri. With the help of influential friends he was appointed Colonel of the 2nd Michigan Cavalry in May, 1862. His first battle, Booneville, MS, i...
Sheridans men were part of the forces which captured Missionary Ridge (near Chattanooga) in 1863. When Ulysses S. Grant was promoted to General-in-Chief of the Union armies, he made Sheridan the commander of the Army of the Potomacs Cavalry Corps. This moved him from the Western Theater to the Eastern Theater of operations. At first, Sheridans Corp...
During the Civil War, Virginias Shenandoah Valley was a vital resource to the Confederacy. Not only did it serve as the Confederate breadbasket, it was an important transportation route. The region had witnessed two large-scale campaigns already when Gen. Ulysses S. Grant decided to visit the Valley once again in 1864. He sent Philip Sheridan on a ...
In September, Sheridan defeated Jubal Earlys smaller force at Third Winchester, and again at Fishers Hill. Then he began The Burning destroying barns, mills, railroads, factories destroying resources for which the Confederacy had a dire need. He made over 400 square miles of the Valley uninhabitable. The Burning foreshadowed William Tecumseh Sher...
In October, however, Jubal Early caught Sheridan off guard. Early launched a surprise attack at Cedar Creek on the 19th. Sheridan, however, was ten miles away in Winchester, Virginia. Upon hearing the sound of artillery fire, Sheridan raced to rejoin his forces. He arrived just in time to rally his troops. Earlys men, however, were suffering from h...
For his actions at Cedar Creek, Sheridan was promoted to Major General in the regular army. He also received a letter of gratitude from President Abraham Lincoln. The general took great pleasure in Thomas Buchanan Reads poem, Sheridans Ride so much so that he renamed his horse Winchester. The Union victories in the Shenandoah Valley came just in t...
At wars end, Phil Sheridan was a hero to many Northerners. Gen. Grant held him in the highest esteem. Still, Sheridan was not without his faults. He had pushed Grants orders to the limit. He also removed Gettysburg hero Gouverneur Warren from command. It was later ruled that Warrens removal was unwarranted and unjustified.
In 1867, Ulysses S. Grant charged Sheridan with pacifying the Great Plains, where warfare with Native Americans was wreaking havoc. In an effort to force the Plains people onto reservations, Sheridan used the same tactics he used in the Shenandoah Valley: he attacked several tribes in their winter quarters, and he promoted the widespread slaughter...
Sheridan is also largely responsible for the establishment of Yellowstone National Park saving it from being sold to developers.
In August 1888, Sheridan died after a series of massive heart attacks. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
Jan 12, 2024 · Philip Sheridan — Facts and APUSH Notes. March 6, 1831–August 5, 1888. APUSH Definition — Philip Sheridan (1826–1885) was an officer in the United States Army during the Civil War. He is most famous for his destruction of the Shenandoah Valley in 1864, which is known as “The Burning.”. Following the war, Sheridan led campaigns ...
- Phil Sheridan: Youth and Early Military Career. Philip Henry Sheridan was born to Irish parents on March 6, 1831, possibly while the family was en route from Ireland to Somerset, Ohio.
- Phil Sheridan: The Rise to Cavalry Commander. As a native Northerner, Sheridan’s decision to fight for the Union was a natural one. His early role in the war was limited to administrative assignments, but his performance was sufficient to earn him command of the 2nd Michigan Cavalry in May 1862.
- Phil Sheridan: The Shenandoah Valley Campaign. Sheridan’s performance in the Overland Campaign convinced Grant to send him into the Shenandoah Valley of northern Virginia.
- Phil Sheridan: The Battle of Five Forks. Sheridan and his cavalry rejoined the Army of the Potomac in March 1865 at Petersburg, Virginia, where Lee’s army had resisted Grant’s siege since August of the previous year.
Apr 8, 2024 · Philip H. Sheridan was a highly successful U.S. cavalry officer whose driving military leadership in the last year of the American Civil War was instrumental in defeating the Confederate Army. A graduate of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. (1853), Sheridan served mostly at frontier
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Sheridan will meet Brigadier General George Armstrong Custer, Commander of the Michigan Brigade, for the first time on April 15, 1864. Custer became one of Sheridan's most trusted lieutenants throughout the remainder of the war, and the two men established a warm friendship that endured until Custer's death.
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Jan 12, 2024 · March 6, 1831–August 5, 1888. Philip Henry Sheridan was a prominent Union general during the American Civil War and a career army officer, who rose to the position of general-in-chief of the United States Army before his death in 1888. Despite his successful career, Sheridan remains a controversial figure due to his attacks on civilians ...
