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Largest branch of Shīʿa Islam
- Twelver Shīʿism (Arabic: ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة; ʾIthnā ʿAshariyya), also known as Imāmiyya (Arabic: إِمَامِيَّة), is the largest branch of Shīʿa Islam, comprising about 85% of all Shīʿa Muslims.
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The term Twelver is based on the belief that twelve male descendants from the family of Muhammad, starting with ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib and ending with Muhammad al-Mahdi, are Imams who have religious and political authority.
Only in Iran did the faith finally find a home. There, except for a brief hiatus in the mid-18th century, Twelver Shiʿism has been the established faith since 1501, when Ismāʿīl I, the first Ṣafavid shah, captured Tabrīz and declared Twelver Shiʿism to be the official religion of his new realm.
- Andrew J. Newman
The theology of Twelver Shi'ism contains the five principles of Shia Islam known as Uṣūl al-Dīn (Arabic: أصول الدين "Principles of the Faith").
The Twelve Imams (Arabic: ٱلْأَئِمَّة ٱلْٱثْنَا عَشَر, al-ʾAʾimmah al-ʾIthnā ʿAšar; Persian: دوازده امام, Davâzdah Emâm) are the spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Twelver branch of Shia Islam, including that of the Alawite and Alevi.
NumberName KunyaArabic Title Persian Title Turkish Title ...Lived ( Ce) Lived ( Ah) [8] Place Of ...1Ali ibn Abi Talib ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن ...ʾAmīr al-Muʾminīn ( أَمِير ٱلْمُؤْمِنِين) ...599–661 [10] 23 (before Hijra )–40 [12] ...2Hasan ibn Ali ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن ...al-Mujtabā ( ٱلْمُجْتَبَىٰ) ( The Chosen) ...625–670 [14] 3–50 [15] Madinah, Hijaz ...3Husayn ibn Ali ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱبْن ...Sayyid ash-Shuhadāʾ ( سَيِّد ٱلشُّهَدَاء) ...626–680 [17] 4–61 [18] Madinah, Hijaz ...4Ali ibn Husayn ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن ...as-Sajjād ( ٱلسَّجَّاد) ( The ...658/9 [19] – 712 [20] 38 [19] –95 [20] ...Twelver Shīʿism, also known as Imāmiyya, is the largest branch of Shīʿa Islam, comprising about 85 percent of all Shīʿa Muslims. The term Twelver refers to its adherents' belief in twelve divinely ordained leaders, known as the Twelve Imams, and their belief that the last Imam, Imam al-Mahdi, lives in Occultation and will reappear as the ...
May 25, 2011 · In Iran, except for a brief hiatus in the 18th century, Twelver Shiʿism has been the established faith since the early 16th century. The faith forms the basis of the present-day Islamic Republic, which came into being in 1979. As of 2010, nearly 90 percent of 70 million Iranians are professing Twelvers.
This book is a general introduction to Shi'i Islam-specifically to Twelver Shi'ism, to which the majority of Shi'is belong today.
