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Ivan II Ivanovich the Fair (Russian: Иван II Иванович Красный, romanized: Ivan II Ivanovich Krasnyy; 30 March 1326 – 13 November 1359) was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1353 to 1359. Until that date, he had ruled the towns of Ruza and Zvenigorod.
Ivan II was the grand prince of Moscow and Vladimir. The son of Ivan I, he succeeded his brother Semen on the throne of Moscow in 1353 and was granted the patent to that principality by the Khan of the Golden Horde in spite of the vigorous claim laid by Konstantin Vasilyevich of Suzdal.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
May 14, 2018 · IVAN II (1326 – 1359), prince of Moscow and grand prince of Vladimir. In the 1340s Lithuania encroached into western Russia and challenged the Golden Horde for control of Russian towns. Thus the prince of Moscow and other princes had to establish relations with both foreign powers.
He was the heir of Ivan II. He was the first prince of Moscow to openly challenge Mongol authority in Russia. In traditional Russian historiography, he is regarded as a Russian national hero and a central figure of the Russian Middle Ages.
Ivan I Danilovich Kalita ( Russian: Иван I Данилович Калита; 1 November 1288 – 31 March 1340 or 1341) [1] was Prince of Moscow from 1325 to at least 1340, [2] and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1332 until at least 1340. [3] Biography. Ivan was the son of the Prince of Moscow Daniil Aleksandrovich. [citation needed]
Ivan became Grand Prince on March 27th 1462, following the death of his father. In the 13th century Moscow was the capital of a small state which paid tribute and provided forced labour to the Khans of the Golden Horde, Tatar masters of a an area stretching from eastern Europe to Siberia.
Grand Principality of Moscow, medieval principality that, under the leadership of a branch of the Rurik dynasty, was transformed from a small settlement in the Rostov-Suzdal principality into the dominant political unit in northeastern Russia.
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