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The Federal Republic of Central America (Spanish: República Federal de Centro América), originally known as the United Provinces of Central America (Provincias Unidas del Centro de América), was a sovereign state in Central America which existed from 1823 to 1839.
- Greater Republic of Central America
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- History of Central America
Flag of Central America. In 1823, the Federal Republic of...
- Central America
On 1 July 1823, the Congress of Central America peacefully...
- Greater Republic of Central America
- Central America in The Spanish Colonial Era
- Independence
- Mexico 1821-1823
- Establishment of The Republic
- Liberals Versus Conservatives
- Reign of José Manuel Arce
- Francisco Morazán
- Liberal Rule in Central America
- A Battle of Attrition
- Rafael Carrera
- GeneratedCaptionsTabForHeroSec
In Spain’s mighty New World Empire, Central America was but a remote outpost, largely ignored by the colonial authorities. It was part of the Kingdom of New Spain (Mexico) and later controlled by the Captaincy-General of Guatemala. It did not have mineral wealth like Peru or Mexico, and the natives (mostly descendants of the Maya) proved to be fier...
In the years between 1810 and 1825, different sections of the Spanish Empire in the Americas declared their independence, and leaders like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín fought many battles against Spanish loyalist and royal forces. Spain, struggling at home, could not afford to send armies to put down every rebellion and focused on Peru and ...
Mexico’s War of Independence had begun in 1810and by 1821 the rebels had signed a treaty with Spain which ended hostilities and forced Spain to recognize it as a sovereign nation. Agustín de Iturbide, a Spanish military leader who had switched sides to fight for the creoles, set himself up in Mexico City as Emperor. Central America declared indepen...
In July 1823, a Congress was called in Guatemala City which formally declared the establishment of the United Provinces of Central America. The founders were idealistic creoles, who believed that Central America had a great future because it was an important trade route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. A federal president would govern from ...
From the beginning, the Republic was plagued by bitter fighting between liberals and conservatives. Conservatives wanted limited voting rights, a prominent role for the Catholic Church and a powerful central government. The liberals wanted church and state separate and a weaker central government with more freedom for the states. The conflict repea...
In 1825, José Manuel Arce, a young military leader born in El Salvador, was elected President. He had come to fame during the brief time that Central America had been ruled by the Iturbide’s Mexico, leading an ill-fated rebellion against the Mexican ruler. His patriotism thus established beyond a doubt, he was a logical choice as the first presiden...
Rival bands were fighting each other in the highlands and jungles during the years 1826 to 1829 while the ever-weakening Arce tried to re-establish control. In 1829 the liberals (who had by then disowned Arce) were victorious and occupied Guatemala City. Arce fled to Mexico. The liberals elected Francisco Morazán, a dignified Honduran General still...
The jubilant liberals, led by Morazán, quickly enacted their agenda. The Catholic Church was unceremoniously removed from any influence or role in government, including education and marriage, which became a secular contract. He also abolished government-aided tithing for the Church, forcing them to collect their own money. The conservatives, mostl...
The conservatives began wearing the liberals down, however. Repeated flare-ups all over Central America forced Morazán to move the capital from Guatemala City to the more centrally located San Salvador in 1834. In 1837, there was a fierce outbreak of cholera: the clergy managed to convince many of the uneducated poor that it was divine retaliation ...
In late 1837 there appeared a new player on the scene: Guatemalan Rafael Carrera. Although he was a brutish, illiterate pig farmer, he was nevertheless a charismatic leader, dedicated conservative and devout Catholic. He quickly rallied the Catholic peasants to his side and was one of the first to gain strong support among the indigenous population...
Learn about the short-lived nation that unified five Central American countries from 1823 to 1840. Explore the causes and consequences of the civil wars, the liberal reforms, and the rise of Rafael Carrera.
Jun 30, 2021 · Learn about the history and geography of the short-lived country that comprised present-day Central American states and Mexico's Chiapas. Discover how the federation was established, governed, and dissolved due to ideological conflicts and foreign influence.
- John Misachi
On July 1, 1823, the congress of Central America declared absolute independence from Spain, Mexico, and any other foreign nation, and a Republican system of government was established. In 1823 the nation of Central America was formed. It was intended to be a federal republic modeled after the United States of America.
The Federal Republic of Central America, originally known as the United Provinces of Central America, was a sovereign state in Central America which existed from 1823 to 1839. The federal republic was composed of five states: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.
