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May 21, 2024 · The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Last Updated: May 21, 2024 • Article History. John J. Pershing. In full: John Joseph Pershing. Byname: Black Jack. Born: September 13, 1860, Laclede, Missouri, U.S. Died: July 15, 1948, Washington, D.C. (aged 87) Awards And Honors: Pulitzer Prize. Role In: Battle of Belleau Wood. Western Front. World War I.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
John J. Pershing. General of the Armies John Joseph Pershing GCB (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948), nicknamed " Black Jack ", was a senior American United States Army officer. He served most famously as the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) during World War I from 1917 to 1920.
Browse 1,027 john pershing photos and images available, or search for general pershing to find more great photos and pictures. Portrait of General Pershing. General Pershing at His Desk. General John J. Pershing In Uniform. Pershing Missile. Lt. John J. Pershing in a group fof officers and ladies at Fort Bayard in New Mexico in 1886.
- Early Life and Launch of Military Career
- Service in The Spanish-American War and The Philippines
- Personal Tragedy and Role in Pursuit of Pancho Villa
- Leadership in World War I
- Pershing’s Later Years
- Sources
Pershing was born in 1860 near the small Missouri town of Laclede. While still a teenager, he got a job teaching at a school for African American students. After seeing an advertisement for the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Pershing applied and won acceptance in 1882. He graduated four years later, ranking 30th in a class of 77. Pershing spe...
After spending several years teaching military science and tactics at the University of Nebraska (where he also obtained his law degree) and returning to West Point as an instructor, Pershing headed to Cuba to fight in the Spanish-American War. In 1898, he and the 10th Cavalry Regiment fought bravely in the Battles of Santiago and San Juan Hill alo...
After another tour in the Philippines from 1906-13, Pershing returned to the United States, where he was stationed at the Presidio in San Francisco and placed in command of the Army’s 8th Brigade. In August 1915, while Pershing and his men were on assignment in Fort Bliss, Texas to defend the southern border from attacks by Mexican bandits, a fire ...
After the United States entered World War I in 1917, Wilson bypassed five other major-generals to appoint Pershing as commander of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF). U.S. armed forces expanded quickly during the conflict, and Pershing was tasked with turning some 2 million relatively inexperienced troops into a professional fighting force. Soo...
When Pershing returned home, Congress made him only the second person (after George Washington) to be honored with the rank of “General of the Armies of the United States.” As the war’s greatest American hero, he was considered a possible president, but failed to win the 1920 Republican nomination. He served as U.S. Army chief of staff from 1921 to...
John J. Pershing. Historic Missourians. Today in History: July 15. Library of Congress. General John J. Pershing. National Park Service. Andrew Carroll. My Fellow Soldiers: General John Pershing and the Americans Who Helped Win the Great War. (Penguin Press, 2017)
One of the most dashing men ever to wear the uniform, John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing was the most accomplished and celebrated American soldier of the early 20th century. General John...
May 27, 2019 · Under Pershing’s command, two million American soldiers helped break the stalemate in Europe and win the war for the Allies. John J. “Black Jack” Pershing portrait by Joseph Cummings Chase Pershing's WWI Victory Medal
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