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Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199), known as Richard Cœur de Lion (Norman French: Quor de Lion) or Richard the Lionheart because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior, was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199.
Feb 17, 2011 · On Richard's release John fled to France, but he was soon forgiven by his brother, who himself returned to France, where he died in 1199. On his deathbed Richard named John as his heir,...
Jun 16, 2020 · The dynasty’s end was brutal. It came on August 22, 1485 at Bosworth, with the killing of Richard III, the ritual humiliation of his battered body and his burial in an unmarked grave in a Leicester priory.
- Early Life & Succession
- Third Crusade
- Domestic Policies
- Campaigns in France & Death
- Legacy
Richard was born on 8 September 1157 CE in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, as the third son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, former wife of King Louis VII of France (r. 1137-1180 CE). Richard's education involved a good dose of chivalric medieval literaturethanks to his mother's interest in the subject. Poetry was another favourite pa...
Richard's first priority, indeed, perhaps his only one, was to make good on his promise made in 1187 CE to 'take the cross' and help capture Jerusalem from the Muslims. The king emptied his kingdom's coffers for his mission, even striking up a deal with William the Lion - giving the Scottish king full feudal autonomy in return for cash. For a monar...
While the king was fighting abroad, English politics was left in the capable hands of Hubert Walter, who was Bishop of Salisbury in 1189 CE and was made Archbishop of Canterbury in 1193 CE. Walter proved himself an able statesman and events would unravel which required exactly that at the helm of the ship of state. While captive in the Holy Roman E...
After a brief stint back in England and a second coronation in April 1194 CE at Winchester, Richard then spent much of his time on campaign in France where he defended the Angevin lands against his former Crusader ally, Philip II of France. The pair had fallen out when Richard did not marry Philip's sister Alice, despite the pair being engaged for ...
As he had no heir Richard I was succeeded by his brother John who would reign until 1216 CE. King John of England (aka John Lackland) managed to make himself one of the most unpopular kings in English history, and his oppression and military failures brought about a major uprising of barons who obliged the king to sign the Magna Cartain 1215 CE, up...
- Mark Cartwright
May 26, 2024 · His death ushered in a new and turbulent era for England, setting the stage for his brother John‘s calamitous reign and the loss of the Angevin lands in France. Yet Richard‘s premature demise also cemented his legend as the Lionheart, the ultimate crusading king cut down in his prime.
Richard’s elder brothers had died before him, leaving Richard the throne. When Richard was crowned King, he moved quickly to make preparations to amass cash in order to embark on a crusade to the Holy Land. By the time he returned, his Kingdom was in turmoil.
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Nov 22, 2012 · But at the age of 42, Richard died of an infection caused by an arrow wound. He was slain during a siege of a small and seemingly unimportant French castle, and certain aspects of his death struck the chroniclers of his time–and later historians–as strange, almost sordid.
