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Northern Ireland is a distinct legal jurisdiction, separate from the two other jurisdictions in the United Kingdom ( England and Wales, and Scotland ). Northern Ireland law developed from Irish law that existed before the partition of Ireland in 1921.
- Northern Ireland Assembly
The Northern Ireland Assembly (Irish: Tionól Thuaisceart...
- First Minister
The First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern...
- Counties of Northern Ireland
The English administration in Ireland in the years following...
- Talk
We would like to show you a description here but the site...
- Partition of Ireland
Political map of present-day Ireland. The partition of...
- Flag
The only official flag for Northern Ireland is the Union...
- Southern Ireland
Southern Ireland (Irish: Deisceart Éireann, pronounced...
- History of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland is one of the four countries of the United...
- Law of Northern Ireland
The law of Northern Ireland is the legal system of statute...
- Belfast Agreement
The Good Friday Agreement (GFA) or Belfast Agreement (Irish:...
- Northern Ireland Assembly
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
The 2024 general election in Northern Ireland is scheduled to be held on 4 July 2024, with all 18 Northern Irish seats in the House of Commons to be contested. The general election will occur after the recently completed constituency boundaries review.
- Resistance to Home Rule
- Easter Rising, Battle of The Somme and Aftermath
- Partition
- Early Years of Home Rule
- 1925–1965
- The Troubles
- Northern Ireland Assembly
- See Also
- Further Reading
- External Links
From the late 19th century, the majority of people living in Ireland wanted the British government to grant some form of self-rule to Ireland. The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) sometimes held the balance of power in the House of Commons in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a position from which it sought to gain Home Rule, which would have ...
During World War I, tensions continued to mount in Ireland. Hardline Irish separatists (known at the time as Irish Nationalists and later as Republicans) rejected Home Rule entirely because it involved maintaining the connection with Britain. They retained control of one faction of the Irish Volunteers, and in Easter 1916, led by Thomas Clarke, Jam...
The fourth and final Home Rule Bill (the Government of Ireland Act 1920) partitioned the island into Northern Ireland (six northeastern counties) and Southern Ireland (the rest of the island). Some unionists such as Sir Edward Carson opposed partition, seeing it as a betrayal of unionism as a pan-Irish political movement. Three Counties unionists (...
Northern Ireland, having received self-governmentwithin the United Kingdom under the Government of Ireland Act, was in some respects left to its own devices. The first years of the new autonomous region were marked by bitter violence, particularly in Belfast. The IRA was determined to oppose the partition of Ireland so the authorities created the (...
Under successive unionist Prime Ministers from Sir James Craig(later Lord Craigavon) onwards, the unionist establishment practised what is generally considered a policy of discrimination against the nationalist/Catholic minority. This pattern was firmly established in the case of local government, where gerrymandered ward boundaries rigged local go...
Beginnings
The Troubles were a period of ethno-political conflict in Northern Ireland which spilled over at various times into England, the Republic of Ireland, and mainland Europe. The duration of the Troubles is conventionally dated from the late 1960s and considered by many to have ended with the Belfast "Good Friday" Agreement of 1998.Violence nonetheless continues on a sporadic basis. In the 1960s, moderate unionist prime minister Terence O'Neill (later Lord O'Neill of the Maine) tried to introduce...
1972–1974
Tensions rose higher after the killing of fourteen unarmed civilians in Derry by the 1st Battalion, Parachute Regiment on 30 January 1972, an event dubbed Bloody Sunday.Many civilians were killed and injured by the indiscriminate bombing campaigns carried out, mainly by the Provisional IRA.Throughout this period, the main paramilitary organisations began to form. In 1970 the Provisional IRA, was created as a breakaway from what then became known as the Official IRA. The Provisionals came from...
1975–1998
Various fitful political talks took place from then until the early 1990s, backed by schemes such as rolling devolution, and 1975 saw a brief Provisional IRA ceasefire. The two events of real significance during this period, however, were the hunger strikes (1981) and the Anglo-Irish Agreement(1985). Despite the failure of the hunger strike, the modern republican movement made its first foray into electoral politics, with modest electoral success on both sides of the border, including the ele...
The Belfast Agreement/ Good Friday Agreement
Increased government focus on the problems of Northern Ireland led, in 1993, to the two prime ministers signing the Downing Street Declaration. At the same time Gerry Adams, leader of Sinn Féin, and John Hume, leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party, engaged in talks. The UK political landscape changed dramatically when the 1997 general election saw the return of a Labour government, led by prime minister Tony Blair, with a large parliamentary majority. A new leader of the Ulster Uni...
Government collapse of 2002-2007
However, the Assembly elections of 30 November 2003 saw Sinn Féin and the Democratic Unionist Party(DUP) emerge as the largest parties in each community, which was perceived as making a restoration of the devolved institutions more difficult to achieve. However, serious talks between the political parties and the British and Irish governments saw steady, if stuttering, progress throughout 2004, with the DUP in particular surprising many observers with its newly discovered pragmatism. However,...
2007-2017 governance
On 8 May 2007, devolution of powers returned to Northern Ireland. DUP leader Ian Paisley and Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness took office as First Minister and Deputy First Minister, respectively. (BBC). "You Raise Me Up", the 2005 track by Westlife, was played at their inauguration. On 5 June 2008, Peter Robinsonwas confirmed as First Minister, succeeding Ian Paisley. In November 2015 he announced his intention to resign, stepping down officially in January 2016. His successor as the leader of...
Bardon, Jonathan. A History of Ulster(Belfast, 1992.)Bew, Paul, Peter Gibbon and Henry Patterson, Northern Ireland 1921-1994: Political Forces and Social Classes(1995)Bew, Paul, and Henry Patterson. The British State and the Ulster Crisis: From Wilson to Thatcher(London: Verso, 1985).Brady, Claran, Mary O'Dowd and Brian Walker, eds. Ulster: An Illustrated History(1989)Since 1922, the United Kingdom has been made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales (which collectively make up Great Britain) and Northern Ireland ( variously described as a country, [1] province, [2] [3] [4] jurisdiction [5] or region [6] [7] ).
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, often shortened to the United Kingdom (or UK), or just Britain, is a sovereign country in Western Europe. It is a constitutional monarchy of four countries which were once separate: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
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The formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has involved personal and political union across Great Britain and the wider British Isles. The United Kingdom is the most recent of a number of sovereign states that have been established in Great Britain at different periods in history, in different combinations and ...
