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The mechanism of botulinum toxin action – blocking the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from nerve endings – was elucidated in the mid-20th century, [ 102] and remains an important research topic.
The nerve terminal intoxication by botulinum neurotoxins is a multi-step process. The first step (1) is the binding of the HC domain (green) to a polysialoganglioside (PSG) receptor of the presynaptic membrane (gray and black), followed by binding to a protein receptor.
Mar 4, 2018 · Botulinum toxin (abbreviated either as BTX or BoNT) is produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium. The clinical syndrome of botulism can occur following ingestion...
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are a growing family of bacterial protein toxins that cause botulism, a rare but often fatal animal and human disease. They are the most potent toxins known owing to their molecular architecture, which underlies their mechanism of action.
Nov 6, 2023 · This activity discusses the mechanism of action, adverse event profile, and other key factors pertinent to healthcare team members in the management of patients with spastic muscle disorders and related conditions.
Oct 22, 2021 · Abstract. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are potent inhibitors of synaptic vesicle fusion and transmitter release. The natural target of BoNTs is the peripheral neuromuscular junction (NMJ) where, by blocking the release of acetylcholine (ACh), they functionally denervate muscles and alter muscle tone.
Jun 30, 2014 · Botulinum neurotoxins, which are the most powerful known toxins, are produced by toxigenic clostridia and cause persistent paralysis of peripheral nerve terminals by blocking neurotransmitter...
Oct 7, 2020 · Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are a growing family of bacterial protein toxins that cause a generalized flaccid paralysis of botulism by inactivating neurotransmitter release at peripheral nerve terminals. They are the most potent toxins known thanks to the marvel of their protein design, which underlines their mechanism of action.
Apr 5, 2013 · The action of BoNT to block the release of acetylcholine botulinum toxin at the neuromuscular junction is best understood, however, most experts acknowledge that this effect alone appears inadequate to explain the entirety of the neurotoxin's apparent analgesic activity.
Botulinum toxin (BT) has been perceived as a lethal threat for many centuries. In the early 1980s, this perception completely changed when BT's therapeutic potential suddenly became apparent. We wish to give an overview over BT's mechanisms of action relevant for understanding its therapeutic use.
