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  2. 6.1 Society and social order. Early modern society was hierarchical. According to the French lawyer Charles Loyseau (1564–1627), the division of people into different ranks was crucial to social stability:

  3. On balance, however, the early modern period in Europe was socially and culturally a dark age for Jewry. Is there a single factor that can explain the social history of Europe’s 16th century? Many have been proposed: population growth , overseas discoveries, the emergence of a world economic system , American treasure, profit inflation ...

  4. The early modern period is a historical period that is part of the modern period based primarily on the history of Europe and the broader concept of modernity. There is no exact date that marks the beginning or end of the period and its timeline may vary depending on the area of history being studied.

    • Overview
    • Economy and society

    The 16th century was a period of vigorous economic expansion. This expansion in turn played a major role in the many other transformations—social, political, and cultural—of the early modern age.

    By 1500 the population in most areas of Europe was increasing after two centuries of decline or stagnation. The bonds of commerce within Europe tightened, and the “wheels of commerce” (in the phrase of the 20th-century French historian Fernand Braudel) spun ever faster. The great geographic discoveries then in process were integrating Europe into a world economic system. New commodities, many of them imported from recently discovered lands, enriched material life. Not only trade but also the production of goods increased as a result of new ways of organizing production. Merchants, entrepreneurs, and bankers accumulated and manipulated capital in unprecedented volume. Most historians locate in the 16th century the beginning, or at least the maturing, of Western capitalism. Capital assumed a major role not only in economic organization but also in political life and international relations. Culturally, new values—many of them associated with the Renaissance and Reformation—diffused through Europe and changed the ways in which people acted and the perspectives by which they viewed themselves and the world.

    The 16th century was a period of vigorous economic expansion. This expansion in turn played a major role in the many other transformations—social, political, and cultural—of the early modern age.

    By 1500 the population in most areas of Europe was increasing after two centuries of decline or stagnation. The bonds of commerce within Europe tightened, and the “wheels of commerce” (in the phrase of the 20th-century French historian Fernand Braudel) spun ever faster. The great geographic discoveries then in process were integrating Europe into a world economic system. New commodities, many of them imported from recently discovered lands, enriched material life. Not only trade but also the production of goods increased as a result of new ways of organizing production. Merchants, entrepreneurs, and bankers accumulated and manipulated capital in unprecedented volume. Most historians locate in the 16th century the beginning, or at least the maturing, of Western capitalism. Capital assumed a major role not only in economic organization but also in political life and international relations. Culturally, new values—many of them associated with the Renaissance and Reformation—diffused through Europe and changed the ways in which people acted and the perspectives by which they viewed themselves and the world.

  5. Abstract. Early modern conceptions of social order developed from a rich tradition of classical philosophy and medieval Christian thinking. This chapter begins with an overview of the core concepts of social order. Particularly prominent was the model of a tripartite society, divided into three orders or estates—the nobility, the clergy, and ...

  6. Nov 21, 2023 · Updated: 11/21/2023. Table of Contents. Life in Early Modern Europe in the 1500s. City vs. Urban Life in Early Modern Europe. Family Life in the 1500s. Working Life in the 1500s. Lesson...

  7. magisterial new history of French society between the end of the middle ages and the Revolution by one of the world’s leading authorities on early modern France. Using colorful examples and incorporating the latest scholarship, William Beik conveys the distinctiveness of early modern society and identifies the cultural practices that defined ...

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