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The story of Galileo's telescopic observations illustrates how a tool for seeing and collecting evidence can dramatically change our understanding of the cosmos. Early telescopes were primarily used for making Earth-bound observations, such as surveying and military tactics.
Aug 18, 2023 · Galileo's telescope influenced the Scientific Revolution enormously because the geocentric theory that the Earth was the centre of the universe was disproved and a whole new range of natural phenomena could be now observed instead of only theorized about.
- Mark Cartwright
Galilean telescope, instrument for viewing distant objects, named after the great Italian scientist Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), who first constructed one in 1609. With it, he discovered Jupiter’s four largest satellites, spots on the Sun, phases of Venus, and hills and valleys on the Moon.
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Galileo was an Italian astronomer, mathematician, physicist, philosopher and professor who made pioneering observations of nature with long-lasting implications for the study of physics. He also constructed a telescope and supported the Copernicantheory, which supports a sun-centered solar system. Galileo was accused twice of heresy by the church f...
Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa in the Duchy of Florence, Italy, on February 15, 1564. Galileo was the first of six children born to Vincenzo Galilei, a well-known musician and music theorist, and Giulia Ammannati. In 1574, the family moved to Florence, where Galileo started his formal education at the Camaldolese monastery in Vallombrosa.
In 1583, Galileo entered the University of Pisato study medicine. Armed with prodigious intelligence and drive, he soon became fascinated with many subjects, particularly mathematics and physics. While at Pisa, Galileo was exposed to the Aristotelianview of the world, then the leading scientific authority and the only one sanctioned by the Roman Ca...
Galileo continued to study mathematics after leaving the university, supporting himself with minor teaching positions. During this time he began his two-decade study on objects in motion and published The Little Balance, describing the hydrostatic principles of weighing small quantities, which brought him some fame. This gained him a teaching post ...
In 1600, Galileo met Marina Gamba, a Venetian woman, who bore him three children out of wedlock: daughters Virginia and Livia, and son Vincenzo. He never married Marina, possibly due to financial worries and possibly fearing his illegitimate children would threaten his social standing. Galileo worried his daughters would never marry well, and when ...
In July 1609, Galileo learned about a simple telescope built by Dutch eyeglass makers and soon developed one of his own. In August, he demonstrated it to some Venetian merchants, who saw its value for navigation and spotting ships. The merchants gave Galileo a salary to manufacture several of them. Galileo’s ambition pushed him to go further, and i...
Galileo published a number of books throughout his career, including: The Operations of the Geometrical and Military Compass(1604), which revealed Galileo’s skills with experiments and practical technological applications. The Starry Messenger (1610), a small booklet revealing Galileo’s discoveries that the moon was not flat and smooth but a sphere...
In addition to the telescope and his numerous mathematical and scientific discoveries, in 1604 Galileo constructed a hydrostatic balance for measuring small objects. That same year, he also refined his theories on motion and falling objects, and developed the universal law of acceleration, which all objects in the universe obeyed. He also devised a...
A simple glass-bulb thermometer known as a Galileo thermometer wasn't invented by Galileo, but was based on his understanding that the density of liquids changes based on its temperature. A thermoscope that Galileo designed (or helped to design) is similar to modern-day thermometers. Inside the thermoscope, a liquid rises and falls in a glass tube ...
After Galileo built his telescope in 1609, he began mounting a body of evidence and openly supporting the Copernican theory that the earth and planets revolve around the sun. The Copernican theory, however, challenged the doctrine of Aristotle and the established order set by the Catholic Church. In 1613, Galileo wrote a letter to a student to expl...
Learn about Galileo's life, inventions and contributions to science and astronomy. Find out how he built a telescope, observed the sky and challenged the church with his Copernican views.
3 days ago · February 15, 1564, Pisa [Italy] Died: January 8, 1642, Arcetri, near Florence (aged 77) Inventions: Galilean telescope. hydrostatic balance. thermometer. compass. Notable Works: “Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems—Ptolemaic and Copernican” “The Sidereal Messenger” (Show more) Notable Family Members: father Vincenzo Galilei. Recent News
- Albert Van Helden
- Galileo was a natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the sciences of motion, astronomy, and stren...
- Galileo invented an early type of thermometer. Although he did not invent the telescope, he made significant improvements to it that enabled astron...
- In 1610 Galileo discovered the four biggest moons of Jupiter (now called the Galilean moons) and the rings of Saturn.
- For his heresy in claiming that Earth orbits the Sun, Galileo was sentenced to life imprisonment by the Roman Catholic Church in 1633. He was not t...
- Galileo influenced scientists for decades to come, not least in his willingness to stand up to the church to defend his findings. His improvements...
Mar 13, 2018 · Galileo refined the early telescopes to produce instruments with better magnification and in 1609 he took the first recorded astronomical observations with a telescope. Indeed, the first use of the word telescope, which is constructed from the Greek words ‘tele’ meaning ‘far’ and ‘skopos’ meaning ‘seeing’, is associated with Galileo’s instrument.
In the fall of 1609 Galileo began observing the heavens with instruments that magnified up to 20 times. In December he drew the Moon ’s phases as seen through the telescope, showing that the Moon’s surface is not smooth, as had been thought, but is rough and uneven.
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