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Nov 10, 2014 · Variations in atmospheric composition that result in a net positive energy imbalance at the top of atmosphere (TOA) drive global warming, with the world ocean as the primary reservoir for energy accumulation ( 1 ). In turn, increasing global surface temperature enhances emission of longwave (LW) radiation to space (the Planck response).
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The greenhouse effect is well-established. Increased...
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Oct 22, 2021 · At equilibrium, the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the reflected shortwave radiation (RSW) (W ⋅ m −2) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) compensate the Incoming Solar Radiation (ISR)...
- Simon Whitburn, Lieven Clarisse, Marie Bouillon, Sarah Safieddine, Maya George, Steven Dewitte, Hélè...
- 2021
Aug 10, 2016 · Most of the emitted longwave radiation warms the lower atmosphere, which in turn warms our planet's surface. GREENHOUSE EFFECT. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (such as water vapor and carbon dioxide) absorb most of the Earth's emitted longwave infrared radiation, which heats the lower atmosphere.
Increased concen-trations of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, reduce the amount of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) to space; thus, energy accumulates in the climate system, and the planet warms.
Sep 23, 2012 · Global warming at near-constant tropospheric relative humidity is supported by observations. Article Open access 10 October 2022. Energy budget constraints on historical radiative forcing....
- Graeme L. Stephens, Juilin Li, Martin Wild, Carol Anne Clayson, Norman Loeb, Seiji Kato, Tristan L'E...
- 2012
In classrooms and everyday conversation, explanations of global warming hinge on the greenhouse gas effect. In short, climate depends on the balance between two different kinds of radiation: The Earth absorbs incoming visible light from the sun, called “shortwave radiation,” and emits infrared light, or “longwave radiation,” into space.
Jun 22, 2021 · For two decades, CERES instruments have measured longwave radiation emitted by Earth. “It’s likely a mix of anthropogenic forcing and internal variability,” said Loeb. “And over this period they’re both causing warming, which leads to a fairly large change in Earth’s energy imbalance. The magnitude of the increase is unprecedented.”
