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Alice MacDonald. Signature. Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( / ˈrʌdjərd / RUD-yərd; 30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936) [1] was an English novelist, short-story writer, poet, and journalist. He was born in British India, which inspired much of his work.
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- Overview
- Life
Rudyard Kipling is remembered for his stories and poems of British soldiers in India and for his tales for children. His poems included “Mandalay,” “Gunga Din,” and “If—.” His children’s stories included The Jungle Book (1894) and Just So Stories (1902). His most successful novel was Kim (1901). He lauded British imperialism.
What was Rudyard Kipling’s education?
Rudyard Kipling was born in India and spent his early childhood there. He was sent to stay at Southsea, England, for schooling, where he was ill treated, and his secondary education was at United Services College in Devon. Thereafter he returned to India to work as a journalist.
How did Rudyard Kipling become famous?
While working in India, Rudyard Kipling published a collection of verse and several volumes of short stories, including The Phantom Rickshaw, all of which were well received by the public. He moved to England in 1889 and enjoyed a meteoric rise to literary fame, especially after the appearance of Barrack-Room Ballads (1892).
Rudyard Kipling (born December 30, 1865, Bombay [now Mumbai], India—died January 18, 1936, London, England) English short-story writer, poet, and novelist chiefly remembered for his celebration of British imperialism, his tales and poems of British soldiers in India, and his tales for children. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907.
Kipling’s father, John Lockwood Kipling, was an artist and scholar who had considerable influence on his son’s work, became curator of the Lahore Museum, and is described presiding over this “wonder house” in the first chapter of Kim, Rudyard’s most famous novel. His mother was Alice Macdonald, two of whose sisters married the highly successful 19th-century painters Sir Edward Burne-Jones and Sir Edward Poynter, while a third married Alfred Baldwin and became the mother of Stanley Baldwin, later prime minister. These connections were of lifelong importance to Kipling.
Much of his childhood was unhappy. Kipling was taken to England by his parents at the age of six and was left for five years at a foster home at Southsea, the horrors of which he described in the story “Baa Baa, Black Sheep” (1888). He then went on to the United Services College at Westward Ho, north Devon, a new, inexpensive, and inferior boarding school. It haunted Kipling for the rest of his life—but always as the glorious place celebrated in Stalky & Co. (1899) and related stories: an unruly paradise in which the highest goals of English education are met amid a tumult of teasing, bullying, and beating. The Stalky saga is one of Kipling’s great imaginative achievements. Readers repelled by a strain of brutality—even of cruelty—in his writings should remember the sensitive and shortsighted boy who was brought to terms with the ethos of this deplorable establishment through the demands of self-preservation.
Kipling returned to India in 1882 and worked for seven years as a journalist. His parents, although not officially important, belonged to the highest Anglo-Indian society, and Rudyard thus had opportunities for exploring the whole range of that life. All the while he had remained keenly observant of the thronging spectacle of native India, which had engaged his interest and affection from earliest childhood. He was quickly filling the journals he worked for with prose sketches and light verse. He published the verse collection Departmental Ditties in 1886, the short-story collection Plain Tales from the Hills in 1888, and between 1887 and 1889 he brought out six paper-covered volumes of short stories. Among the latter were Soldiers Three, The Phantom Rickshaw (containing the story “The Man Who Would Be King”), and Wee Willie Winkie (containing “Baa Baa, Black Sheep”). When Kipling returned to England in 1889, his reputation had preceded him, and within a year he was acclaimed as one of the most brilliant prose writers of his time. His fame was redoubled upon the publication in 1892 of the verse collection Barrack-Room Ballads, which contained such popular poems as “Mandalay,” “Gunga Din,” and “Danny Deever.” Not since the English poet Lord Byron had such a reputation been achieved so rapidly. When the poet laureate Alfred, Lord Tennyson, died in 1892, it may be said that Kipling took his place in popular estimation.
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In 1892 Kipling married Caroline Balestier, the sister of Wolcott Balestier, an American publisher and writer with whom he had collaborated in The Naulahka (1892), a facile and unsuccessful romance. That year the young couple moved to the United States and settled on Mrs. Kipling’s property in Vermont, but their manners and attitudes were considered objectionable by their neighbours. Unable or unwilling to adjust to life in America, the Kiplings returned to England in 1896. Ever after Kipling remained very aware that Americans were “foreigners,” and he extended to them, as to the French, no more than a semi-exemption from his proposition that only “lesser breeds” are born beyond the English Channel.
Apr 14, 2021 · Rudyard Kipling was an English author famous for an array of works like 'Just So Stories,' 'If' and 'The Jungle Book.' He received the 1907 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Rudyard Kipling. Joseph Rudyard Kipling (30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936) was an English writer and poet. Life. Kipling was born in Bombay, India. He wrote children's fiction, like Kim, The Jungle Book and Puck of Pook's Hill. He also wrote the well-known poems, If — and Gunga Din, and many short stories set in India.
1865–1936. Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images. Rudyard Kipling is one of the best-known of the late Victorian poets and story-tellers. Although he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1907, his political views, which grew more toxic as he aged, have long made him critically unpopular.
Learn more about the life and works of Rudyard Kipling, the first English-language writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1907. Discover how his childhood in India, his travels around the world, and his political views influenced his stories and poems.
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