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Tiếng Geʽez ( ግዕዝ, Gəʿəz [ɡɨʕɨz]; cũng được chuyển tự là Giʻiz ), đôi khi gọi là tiếng Ethiopia Cổ điển, là một ngôn ngữ Nam Semit đã tuyệt chủng. Ngôn ngữ này bắt nguồn từ miền nam Eritrea và miền bắc Ethiopia tại Sừng châu Phi. Nó sau đó trở thành ngôn ngữ chính thức của Vương quốc Aksum .
Tiếng Ge'ez From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tiếng Geʽez ( ግዕዝ , Gəʿəz [ɡɨʕɨz] ; cũng được chuyển tự là Giʻiz ), đôi khi gọi là tiếng Ethiopia Cổ điển , là một ngôn ngữ Nam Semit đã tuyệt chủng.
- Phonology
- Morphology
- Syntax
- Writing System
- History and Literature
- Sample
1.1. Vowels
1. a /æ/< Proto-Semitic *a; later e 2. u /u/< Proto-Semitic *ū 3. i /i/< Proto-Semitic *ī 4. ā /aː/< Proto-Semitic *ā; later a 5. e /e/< Proto-Semitic *ay 6. ə /ɨ/< Proto-Semitic *i, *u 7. o /o/< Proto-Semitic *aw Also transliterated as ä, ū/û, ī/î, a, ē/ê, e/i, ō/ô.
2.1. Nouns
Ge'ez distinguishes two genders, masculine and feminine, which in certain words is marked with the suffix -t. These are less strongly distinguished than in other Semitic languages, in that many nouns not denoting persons can be used in either gender: in translated Christian texts there is a tendency for nouns to follow the gender of the noun with a corresponding meaning in Greek. There are two numbers, singular and plural. The plural can be constructed either by suffixing -ātto a word, or...
3.1. Noun Phrases
Noun phrases have the following overall order: (demonstratives) noun (adjective)-(relative clause) Adjectives and determiners agree with the noun in gender and number: Relative clauses are introduced by a pronoun which agrees in gender and number with the preceding noun: As in many Semitic languages, possession by a noun phrase is shown through the construct state. In Ge'ez, this is formed by suffixing /-a/ to the possessed noun, which is followed by the possessor, as in the following example...
3.2. Prepositional Phrases
Ge'ez is a prepositional language, as in the following example (Lambdin 1978:16): There are three special prepositions, /ba=/ 'in, with', /la=/ 'to, for', /'əm=/ 'from', which always appear as proclitics on the following noun, as in the following examples: These proclitic prepositions in Ge'ez are similar to the inseparable prepositions in Hebrew.
3.3. Sentences
The normal word order for declarative sentences is VSO. Objects of verbs show accusative case marked with the suffix /-a/: Questions with a wh-word ('who', 'what', etc.) show the question word at the beginning of the sentence:
Ge'ez is written with Ethiopic or the Ge'ez abugida, a script that was originally developed specifically for this language. In languages that use it, such as Amharic and Tigrinya, the script is called Fidäl, which means script or alphabet. Ge'ez is read from left to right. The Ge'ez script has been adapted to write other languages, usually ones tha...
Although it is often said that Ge'ez literature is dominated by the Bible including the Deuterocanonical books, in fact there are many medieval and early modern original texts in the language. Most of its important works are also the literature of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, which include Christian liturgy (service books, prayers, hymns...
The first sentence of the Book of Enoch: 1. ቃለ፡ በረከት፡ ዘሄኖክ፡ ዘከመ፡ ባረከ፡ ኅሩያነ፡ ወጻድቃነ፡ እለ፡ ሀለዉ፡ ይኩኑ፡ 2. በዕለተ፡ ምንዳቤ፡ ለአሰስሎ፡ ኵሉ፡ እኩያን፡ ወረሲዓን። 3. Ḳāla barakat za-Henok zakama bāraka ḫəruyāna waṣādəḳāna ʾəlla hallawu yəkunu 4. baʿəlata məndābe laʾasassəlo kʷəllu ʾəkuyān warasiʿān 5. "Word of blessing of Henok, wherewith he blessed the chosen and righteous ...
The language originates from what is now northern Ethiopia and Eritrea . Today, Geʽez is used as the main liturgical language of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, Ethiopian Catholic Church, Eritrean Catholic Church, and the Beta Israel Jewish community.
Hình vẽ Maria Đồng trinh với con trai, từ một bản thảo Ge'ez của Weddasé Māryām, khoảng 1875. Tiếng Geʽez (ግዕዝ, Gəʿəz [ɡɨʕɨz]; cũng được chuyển tự là Giʻiz), đôi khi gọi là tiếng Ethiopia Cổ điển, là một ngôn ngữ Nam Semit đã tuyệt chủng.
Jul 13, 2013 · Ge'ez is the classical language of Ethiopia. As a member of the Semitic language family its relatives include familiar languages like Hebrew and Arabic. Ge'ez is really important for students of Greco-Roman Judaism and the history of Christianity.
