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- Rudolf IV of Austria ordered his chancery to fabricate a series of imperial charters, including two from Julius Caesar and Nero, as evidence of his virtual independence of the empire.
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Why did Rudolf Bluff the Privilegium Maius?
Rudolf is best known for another bluff, the forgery of the Privilegium Maius, which de facto put him on par with the seven Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire, compensating for Austria's failure to receive an electoral vote in the Golden Bull of 1356 issued by Emperor Charles IV.
Rudolf IV of Austria ordered his chancery to fabricate a series of imperial charters, including two from Julius Caesar and Nero, as evidence of his virtual independence of the empire. Charles IV submitted them for examination to the Italian humanist Petrarch, who declared the charters…
After 476 C.E. the Roman emperor in Constantinople continued to exercise limited influence over the government of the western Roman Empire.
For example, he extended centralized influence over the economy by introducing a new SYSTEM OF COINAGE. He bureaucratized the SYSTEM OF TAX COLLECTION by installing his own representatives and paying them set salaries. He also recorded information about the empire's population by conducting a CENSUS.
When he accepted the Peace of Augsburg in 1555 and abdicated in 1556, the change that was begun with the accession of Rudolf I of Habsburg was completed. With Germany split into two religious camps, the emperor was little more than the head of a religious faction.
After the extinction of the Hohenstaufens and in the face of the turmoil of the interregnum it was in the interests of the princes to create order and a clear state of affairs. Their choice fell on Rudolf of Habsburg. Rudolf was elected head of the Empire in Frankfurt on 1 October 1273.
How did Rome go from being one of many city-states in the Italian peninsula to being the center of the most powerful empire in the ancient world? Part of the answer lies in the political institutions that Rome developed early in its history.
