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Oct 31, 2023 · Isabella I of Castile (1451-1504), was Queen of Castile (r. 1474-1504) and of Aragon (r. 1479-1504) alongside her husband Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516). Her reign included the unification of Spain, the reconquest of Granada, sponsoring Christopher Columbus in his voyage to explore the Caribbean, and the establishment of the Spanish ...
- Isabella I of Castile was best known for her love and passion of her kingdom and improving Castile through the Reconquista and the voyages of Chris...
- Isabella I of Castile was a queen who loved her kingdom and would do anything for it, and this was recognized by the people of Castile. To this day...
- She was not a warrior and Isabella I of Castile actually let her husband deal with military responsibilities, with the exception of the Reconquista...
- Catharists
- The Job of Inquisitors
- Conversos
- Torquemada
- Spanish Inquisition
- Inquisitors General
- Roman Inquisition
- Inquisition in The New World
- End of The Spanish Inquisition
- Sources
The Inquisition has its origins in the early organized persecution of non-Catholic Christian religions in Europe. In 1184 Pope Lucius III sent bishops to southern France to track down heretics called Catharists. These efforts continued into the 14th Century. During the same period, the church also pursued the Waldensians in Germany and Northern Ita...
Inquisitors would arrive in a town and announce their presence, giving citizens a chance to admit to heresy. Those who confessed received a punishment ranging from a pilgrimage to a whipping. Those accused of heresy were forced to testify. If the heretic did not confess, torture and execution were inescapable. Heretics weren’t allowed to face accus...
In the late 15th Century, King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella of Spain believed corruption in the Spanish Catholic Church was caused by Jews who, to survive centuries of anti-Semitism, converted to Christianity. Known as Conversos, they were viewed with suspicion by old powerful Christian families. Conversos were blamed for a plague and accused of...
In 1478, under the influence of clergyman Tomas de Torquemada, the monarchs created the Tribunal of Castile to investigate heresy among Conversos. The effort focused on stronger Catholic education for Conversos, but by 1480, the Inquisition was formed. That same year, Jews in Castile were forced into ghettos separated from Christians, and the Inqui...
Hearing the complaints of Conversos who had fled to Rome, Pope Sixtus proclaimed the Spanish Inquisition was too harsh and was wrongly accusing Conversos. In 1482 Sixtus appointed a council to take command of the Inquisition. Torquemada was named Inquisitor General and established courts across Spain. Torture became systemized and routinely used to...
Diego de Deza took over as Inquisitor General, escalating the hunt for heresy within cities and rounding up scores of accused heretics, including members of the nobility and local governments. Some were able to bribe their way out of imprisonment and death, reflecting the level of corruption under de Deza. After Isabella’s death in 1504, Ferdinand ...
Rome renewed its own Inquisition in 1542 when Pope Paul III created the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition to combat Protestant heresy. This Inquisition is best known for putting Galileoon trial in 1633. In 1545, the Spanish Index was created, a list of European books considered heretical and forbidden in Spain, base...
As Spain expanded into the Americas, so did the Inquisition, established in Mexicoin 1570. In 1574, Lutherans were burned at the stake there, and the Inquisition came to Peru, where Protestants were likewise tortured and burned alive. In 1580 Spain and Portugal ruled jointly by the Spanish crownand began rounding up and slaughtering Jews that had f...
In 1808, Napoleonconquered Spain and ordered the Inquisition there to be abolished. After Napoleon’s defeat in 1814, Ferdinand VII worked to reinstate the Inquisition but was ultimately prevented by the French government, which helped Ferdinand overcome a fierce rebellion. Part of the agreement with France was to dismantle the Inquisition, which wa...
God’s Jury: The Inquisition and the Making of the Modern World. Cullen Murphy. Inquisito. University of Notre Dame. The Spanish Inquisition. Cecil Roth.
Mar 28, 2019 · Bold, strategic, and steady, Isabella of Castile navigated an unlikely rise to the throne and ushered in a golden age for Spain. Looking Like a Queen “La Virgen de la Mosca,” painted in the ...
Though the excesses seen under Torquemada diminished somewhat, autos-da-fé continued into the mid-18th century. The Spanish Inquisition was suppressed by Joseph Bonaparte in 1808, restored by Ferdinand VII in 1814, suppressed in 1820, and restored in 1823. It was finally suppressed permanently by Spanish queen regent María Cristina de Borbón ...
Nov 21, 2023 · 1478: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella begin the Spanish Inquisition 1481: The first auto da fe is held in Sevilla 1492: Ferdinand and Isabella expel all Jews from Spain
- The Spanish Inquisition was a way for the Spanish monarchy to root out any heretics, or non-Christians living under their rule. It lasted from 1478...
- The Spanish Inquisition lasted nearly 200 years, beginning in the 12th century. Over that time period, nearly 32,000 people, mostly Jews and Muslim...
- At the end of the Reconquista, many Muslims and Jews pretended to convert to Christianity rather than leave their homes. This was unacceptable to S...
- The Reconquista was a series of wars in Portugal and Spain to reclaim land taken by the Muslims. Muslim rulers were very tolerant of other religion...
- In the 8th century, Spain was many separate kingdoms, which were easily conquered by Muslim forces. The Reconquista was the attempt by Christian ar...
A service in a Spanish synagogue, from the Sister Haggadah (c. 1350). The Alhambra Decree would bring Spanish Jewish life to a sudden end. The Alhambra Decree (also known as the Edict of Expulsion; Spanish: Decreto de la Alhambra, Edicto de Granada) was an edict issued on 31 March 1492, by the joint Catholic Monarchs of Spain (Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon) ordering the ...
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November 1, 1478. Pope Sixtus IV issues a papal bull authorizing Ferdinand and Isabella to name inquisitors to address the issue of Marranos, people who had converted from Judaism but practiced their faith in secret. Ferdinand and Isabella spread the Inquisition throughout their domains, allowing for persecution of conversos.
