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  1. Ammianus Marcellinus, writing in the fifth century, uses the term Romanae res (Roman state), and plenty of earlier authors still used the term res publica to refer to the state (literally 'the public matters' or 'public business) - Rome was still techincally a republic after all, and 'the Senate and People of Rome' were still technically in ...

    • What Was Ancient Rome called?
    • Did Greeks Refer to Themselves as Romans?
    • What Did Jesus Say About Romans?
    • Why Did Romans Have 3 names?
    • When Did Byzantines Stop Calling Themselves Roman?
    • Final Words

    Ancient Rome was a major political and cultural center in the Western world for over two millennia. The Roman Kingdom was founded in 753 BC, and the Roman Republic was established in 509 BC. The Roman Empire emerged in 27 BC, and the Western Roman Empire fell in 476 AD. Ancient Rome was a major political and cultural center in the Western world for...

    The Byzantine Greeks self-identified as Romans throughout their history, but are referred to as “Byzantine Greeks” in modern historiography. Latin speakers identified them simply as Greeks or with the term Romei. The Roman people were Italian in a purely geographic sense. However, the people of Italy today are very different from the Romans. The Ro...

    Jesus was teaching his followers to obey both Roman law and the laws of God. He said that we should give to Caesar what is due to him, and to God what is due to him. This teaching is still relevant today, as we should obey the laws of the country we live in and also obey God’s law. The early Romans were composite of various neighbouring Italic peop...

    Roman men were typically given two names: a praenomen (first name) and a nomen (principal name). The nomen usually ended in -ius. Many men also had a third name, a cognomen (additional name), which often denoted a branch of a family. The praenomen was the first name given to a citizen of Ancient Rome. The praenomen was usually abbreviated to its in...

    It is interesting to note that the Byzantines never stopped calling themselves Romans, even though the empire ultimately fell. This is in contrast to the way that people in the West have systematically denied the Romanness of Byzantium. It seems that the Byzantine identity was very important to them, and they were unwilling to let go of it even in ...

    The ancient Romans called themselves the “Roman people”. The ancient Romans called themselves “Romans” because they were the people who lived in the city of Rome.

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  3. Roman Wales is the area of modern Wales that was under Roman Empire control. Roman Wales was an area of south western Britannia under Roman Empire control from the first to the fifth century AD. South east Wales was fully made Roman at the beginning of the fifth century.

  4. The Roman Republic became the Roman Empire in 27 BCE when Julius Caesar’s adopted son, best known as Augustus, became the ruler of Rome. Augustus established an autocratic form of government, where he was the sole ruler and made all important decisions. Although we refer to him as Rome’s first emperor, Augustus never took the title of king ...

  5. By Late Antiquity (c. 3rd–7th centuries), the Greeks referred to themselves as Graikoi ( Γραικοί, "Greeks") and Rhomaioi / Romioi ( Ῥωμαῖοι / Ῥωμηοί / Ρωμιοί, "Romans") the latter of which was used since virtually all Greeks were Roman citizens after 212 AD.

  6. Prostitution in ancient Rome was legal and licensed. Men of any social status were free to engage prostitutes of either sex without incurring moral disapproval, as long as they demonstrated self-control and moderation in the frequency and enjoyment of sex.

  7. "Greek" was the name of the language and the name of the ancient people that the Romans conquered. When the independence movement arose in the late 18th/early 19th century, the leaders needed support from the European Christian nations.

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