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  1. Sep 26, 2016 · The language of the resolution specifically targeted California Indians, declaring that all recognized tribes in California — along with New York, Florida and Texas — were terminated. Termination meant an immediate end to federal funding, social services, legal and law enforcement protection, and to recognition of the tribes’ rights to ...

    • What Language Did The Ohlone Speak?
    • First Contact with The Spanish
    • Ohlone Territory
    • Geography
    • Ohlone Houses
    • What Did The Ohlone Eat?
    • What Did The Ohlone Wear?

    The Ohlone spoke many different languages. Scholars today believe that there were around 40 different languages spoken in Ohlone territory when the Spanish arrived. Some of these languages are Karkin, Chochenyo, Tamyen and Rumsen, and they correspond to tribal groups present during the 1770s. Anthropologists today apply the names Ohlone or Costanoa...

    The first contact between Ohlone groups and the Spanish probably took place in 1602, when Sebastián de Vizcaíno’s expedition arrived in the Monterey area, searching for a safe harbor for Spanish ships. After Vizcaíno, however, the Spanish paid little attention to Alta California, until 1769, when Gaspar de Portola’sexpedition arrived in the Montere...

    The Ohlone occupied the area from the northeastern extensions of the San Francisco Bay to just south of Monterey Bay, in what are today the counties of Santa Clara, San Mateo, Alameda, Contra Costa, Santa Cruz, San Benito and northern Monterey. The Ohlone were a numerous people in the region. Even in the early days of Spanish exploration, travelers...

    The climate of the north-central California coast is generally mild. It is characterized by cool, rainy winters, and hot summers, though areas closer to the coast are naturally cooler and more moist, while inland valleys tend to be hotter and drier. Ohlone territory is home to a large variety of geographical features, from mountains such as Mt. Dia...

    In pre-mission times, the Ohlone lived in circular dwellings made of branches from willow trees or other plant materials, such as tule. The branches would be lashed or woven onto a framework of thin poles stuck into the ground supported by a circle of stones.In more forested or mountainous areas, they would also make houses out of redwood or other ...

    Prior to contact with the Spanish, the Ohlone followed a hunter-gather lifestyle, as did most California Indians.They harvested a large variety of plants and animals that grew in northern California.

    Thanks to the mild weather, Ohlone clothing prior to contact with the Spanish was fairly simple. Ohlone women often wore skirts that could be made of the skins of animals, such as deer or rabbit, or plant fibers woven together. They would also wear abalone or other types of shells as jewelry. In warmer weather, men generally went about completely n...

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  3. California was very densely populated and was isolated in many ways. The languages the people spoke were incredibly diverse — an estimated 100 languages with many dialects within each. Bay Miwok Indian tribes lived in central and eastern Contra Costa County.

  4. An in-depth look at Native American life in the California missions. Prior to the arrival of Spanish explorers, missionaries and soldiers, human beings had occupied the territory that would later be known as Alta California for as many as 15,000 years. Important changes occurred in Native American life with the establishment of the California ...

  5. The indigenous peoples of California were extremely diverse and made up of ten different linguistic families with at least 78 distinct languages. These are further broken down into many dialects, while the people were organized into sedentary and semi-sedentary villages of 400-500 micro-tribes.

  6. Southern Miwok man fishing with a spear by Edward S. Curtis, 1924. The Miwok people are members of four linguistically related Native American groups indigenous to Northern California. Also spelled Miwuk, Mi-Wuk, or Me-Wuk, they traditionally spoke one of the Miwok languages in the Utian family.

  7. Native Location: Extends from both sides of the Colorado River, north of Yuma. According to tribal legend, they descended from the heights of Avikwame Mountain (Newberry Peak, near Needles, California). Language: Yuman. Shelter: Dome-shaped huts made of brush with an extended ramada to provide shade and food storage.

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