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In 1734 the Spanish prince Don Carlos de Borbón (later King Charles III) conquered Naples and Sicily, which were then governed by the Spanish Bourbons as a separate kingdom.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Both Naples and Sicily were conquered by a Spanish army during the War of the Polish Succession in 1734, and Charles, Duke of Parma, a younger son of King Philip V of Spain, the first member of the French House of Bourbon to rule in Spain, was installed as King of Naples and Sicily from 1735.
Again separating from Sicily in 1458, it was claimed by France and then by Spain, which ruled it for two centuries. It was ceded to the Austrian Habsburg s in 1713 but was conquered in 1734 by the Spanish Bourbon s, who reestablished the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
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The origins of the Sicilian monarchy lie in the Norman conquest of southern Italy which occurred between the 11th and 12th century. Sicily, which was ruled as an Islamic emirate for at least two centuries, was invaded in 1071 by Norman House of Hauteville, who conquered Palermo and established a feudal county named the County of Sicily. The House of Hauteville completed their conquest of ...
NameBirthMarriage (s)DeathConstance II 1268/1282–1285 (joint ...1249 Sicily daughter of Manfred of Sicily ...Peter I the Great 13 June 1262 6 ...9 April 1302 Barcelona, Spain aged 52 or ...Peter I the Great 1282–1285 (joint ...1240 Valencia son of James I of Aragon ...Constance of Sicily 13 June 1262 6 ...2 November 1285 Vilafranca del Penedès ...James the Just 1285–129510 August 1267 Valencia son of Peter I ...Isabella of Castile 1 December 1291 No ...5 November 1327 Barcelona aged 60Frederick II 1295–133713 December 1272 Barcelona son of Peter I ...Eleanor of Anjou 17 May 1302 9 children25 June 1337 Palermo aged 65After two centuries of Spanish rule and then a brief Austrian occupation, the kingdom became an independent dynastic state ruled by a cadet branch of the Spanish Bourbons in 1734. Until 1816 Naples and Sicily were separate kingdoms, each with their own laws, customs, and constitutions.
From 1734, Sicily, Naples and the rest of Southern Italy became an independent and prospering kingdom again until the 1790s, when, like the rest of Europe, Italy felt the affect of the French Revolution. In 1799 Napoleon's army reached Naples, creating the short-lived Parthenopean Republic.
Charles, availing himself of his rights, defeated the Austrian at Bitonto, conquered Sicily and on 2 January 1735 adopted the title of King with no number: in July he was crowned King of Sicily in Palermo and on 12 July he came back to Naples.
