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Dec 30, 2022 · Drawing on the literature on epistemology, this article provides some basic definitions of the term epistemology and answers some key epistemological questions such as: "what is knowledge?"...
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Drawing on the literature on epistemology, this article...
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Epistemology has its aetiology in Greek where the word episteme, means knowledge. Put simply, in research, epistemology is used to describe how we come to know something; how we know the truth or reality; or as Cooksey and McDonald (2011) put it, what counts as knowledge within the world. It is concerned with the very bases of
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- Learning Objectives
- Introducing Key Terms in this Chapter
- Philosophical Worldviews
- Example 1. Quantitative Approach: Postpositivist Worldview, Experimental Design, and Pretest and Posttest Measures of Attitudes
- Example 2. Qualitative Approach: Constructivist Worldview, Ethnographic Design, and Observation of Behavior
- Example 3. Qualitative Approach: Transformative Worldview, Narrative Design, and Open-Ended Interviewing
- Example 4. Mixed Methods Approach: Pragmatic Worldview, Collection of Both Quantitative and Qualitative Data Sequentially in the Design
- Criteria for Selecting a Research Approach
- The Research Problem and Questions
- Personal Experiences
- Audience
- SUMMARY
- Writing Exercises
Define major research terms used in this book so that you can incorporate them into your projects. Describe the three major methodologies and their differences to select an appropriate methodology for your study. Describe the relationship among the terms, philosophical worldview assumptions, designs, and methods. How would you connect these three c...
Research has its own language, and it is important to understand key terms to use in a study. The title of this book uses the term, research approaches. Research approaches (or methodologies) are procedures for research that span the steps from broad assumptions to detailed methods of data collec-tion, analysis, and interpretation. This plan involv...
Postpositivist Constructivist Transformative Pragmatic RESEARCH APPROACHES Qualitative Quantitative Mixed Methods Research Methods Questions Data Collection Data Analysis Interpretation Validation Designs Quantitative (e.g., Experiments) Qualitative (e.g., Ethnographies) Mixed Methods (e.g., Explanatory Sequential) Philosophical Worldviews Although...
In this scenario, the researcher tests a theory by specifying narrow hypotheses and the collection of data to support or refute the hypotheses. The researcher uses an experimental design to assess attitudes both before and after an experimental treatment. The data are collected on an instrument that measures attitudes, and the information is analyz...
In this situation, the researcher seeks to establish the meaning of a phenomenon from participants’ views. This means identifying a culture-sharing group and studying how it develops shared patterns of behavior over time (i.e., ethnography). One of the key elements of collecting data in this way is to observe participants’ behaviors during their en...
For this study, the inquirer seeks to examine an issue related to oppression of individuals. To study this, the researcher collects stories about individual oppression using a narrative approach. Individuals are interviewed to determine how they have personally experienced oppression.
The researcher bases the inquiry on the assumption that collecting diverse types of data best provides a more complete understanding of a research problem than quantitative or qualitative data alone. The study begins with a broad survey to generalize results to a population and then, in a second phase, focuses on qualitative, open-ended interviews ...
Given the possibility of qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods approaches, what factors affect a choice of one approach over another for the design of a proposal? To make this choice, we need to add to worldview, design, and methods the research problem, the personal experiences of the researcher, and the audience(s) for the report.
A research problem, more thoroughly discussed in Chapter 5, is an issue or concern that needs to be addressed (e.g., the issue of racial discrimina-tion). The problem comes from voids, conflicts in research results, and top-ics neglected in the literature. It also can arise from the need to emphasize the voice of marginalized participants and real-...
Researchers’ personal training and experiences also influence their choice of approach. An individual trained in technical, scientific writing, statistics, and computer statistical programs and familiar with quantitative journals in the library would most likely choose the quantitative design. In contrast, individuals who enjoy writing in a storyte...
Finally, researchers write for audiences that will accept their research. These audiences may be journal editors and readers, faculty committees, con-ference attendees, or colleagues in the field. Students should consider the approaches typically supported and used by their advisers. The experiences of these audiences with quantitative, qualitative...
In designing a research proposal or a research project, start by understanding the defini-tions for philosophical assumptions, research approach (or methodology), research design, and research method. Understand that this book will address three broad approaches to inquiry: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Then, a framework is helpful ...
Why are philosophical assumptions necessary as a prerequisite for conducting a research study? What philosophical approach best fits your research project? Discuss your choice of a research approach—quantitative, qualitative, or
In general, epistemology refers to the assumptions about knowledge and how it can be obtained (Hirschheim 1992). Several authors have come up with various distinctions of epistemologi-cal paradigms.
- Stefanie Leimeister
- 2010
Epistemological Dimensions in Qualitative Research: the Construction of Knowledge Online. Overview: this chapter introduces the aims of the book. In doing so, it explores how the advent of the Internet has inspired new ways of thinking about the nature of qualitative inquiry and how research is conducted using different methods of data collection.
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Epistemology refers to the nature of the relationship between the researcher (the knower) and it denotes (Hirschheim, Klein, and Lyytinen, 1995) “the nature of human knowledge and understanding that can possibly be acquired through different types of inquiry and alternative methods of investigation." (p. 20)
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At large, epistemology defines how knowledge can be produced and argued for. Epistemology defines the criteria by which knowledge is possible. In scientific research, epistemology defines and gives structures to what kind of scientific knowledge is available, what are the limits for that knowledge.
