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  2. 3 days ago · Galileo, the brilliant Italian polymath, revolutionized our understanding of the universe through his groundbreaking discoveries in astronomy and contributions to scientific methodology.

    • Albert Van Helden
  3. Feb 24, 2009 · Galileo's discoveries about the Moon, Jupiter's moons, Venus, and sunspots supported the idea that the Sun - not the Earth - was the center of the Universe, as was commonly believed at the time. Galileo's work laid the foundation for today's modern space probes and telescopes.

    • Craters and mountains on the Moon. The Moon’s surface was not smooth and perfect as received wisdom had claimed but rough, with mountains and craters whose shadows changed with the position of the Sun.
    • The phases of Venus. The planet Venus showed changing crescent phases like those of the Moon, but their geometry could only be explained if Venus was moving around the Sun rather than the Earth.
    • Jupiter’s moons. The planet Jupiter was accompanied by four tiny satellites which moved around it. These are now known as the Galilean moons: Io, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto.
    • The stars of the Milky Way. Galileo saw that the Milky Way was not just a band of misty light, it was made up of thousands of individual stars.
  4. Apr 3, 2014 · (1564-1642) Who Was Galileo? Galileo was an Italian astronomer, mathematician, physicist, philosopher and professor who made pioneering observations of nature with long-lasting implications for...

  5. Jul 23, 2010 · In January of 1610 he discovered four new “stars” orbiting Jupiter—the planet’s four largest moons. He quickly published a short treatise outlining his discoveries, “Siderius Nuncius” (“The...

  6. Sep 5, 2023 · Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was an Italian mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and natural philosopher. He created a superior telescope with which he made new observations of the night sky, notably that the surface of the Moon has mountains, that Jupiter has four satellite moons, and that the sunspots of the Sun, under careful observation ...

  7. Galileo's astronomical discoveries and investigations into the Copernican theory have led to a lasting legacy which includes the categorisation of the four large moons of Jupiter discovered by Galileo (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) as the Galilean moons.

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