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General of the Armies John Joseph Pershing GCB (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948), nicknamed " Black Jack ", was a senior American United States Army officer. He served most famously as the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) during World War I from 1917 to 1920.
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May 21, 2024 · John J. Pershing (born September 13, 1860, Laclede, Missouri, U.S.—died July 15, 1948, Washington, D.C.) was a U.S. Army general who commanded the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in Europe during World War I. Pershing graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, in 1886.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Early Life and Launch of Military Career
- Service in The Spanish-American War and The Philippines
- Personal Tragedy and Role in Pursuit of Pancho Villa
- Leadership in World War I
- Pershing’s Later Years
- Sources
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Pershing was born in 1860 near the small Missouri town of Laclede. While still a teenager, he got a job teaching at a school for African American students. After seeing an advertisement for the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Pershing applied and won acceptance in 1882. He graduated four years later, ranking 30th in a class of 77. Pershing spe...
After spending several years teaching military science and tactics at the University of Nebraska (where he also obtained his law degree) and returning to West Point as an instructor, Pershing headed to Cuba to fight in the Spanish-American War. In 1898, he and the 10th Cavalry Regiment fought bravely in the Battles of Santiago and San Juan Hill alo...
After another tour in the Philippines from 1906-13, Pershing returned to the United States, where he was stationed at the Presidio in San Francisco and placed in command of the Army’s 8th Brigade. In August 1915, while Pershing and his men were on assignment in Fort Bliss, Texas to defend the southern border from attacks by Mexican bandits, a fire ...
After the United States entered World War I in 1917, Wilson bypassed five other major-generals to appoint Pershing as commander of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF). U.S. armed forces expanded quickly during the conflict, and Pershing was tasked with turning some 2 million relatively inexperienced troops into a professional fighting force. Soo...
When Pershing returned home, Congress made him only the second person (after George Washington) to be honored with the rank of “General of the Armies of the United States.” As the war’s greatest American hero, he was considered a possible president, but failed to win the 1920 Republican nomination. He served as U.S. Army chief of staff from 1921 to...
John J. Pershing. Historic Missourians. Today in History: July 15. Library of Congress. General John J. Pershing. National Park Service. Andrew Carroll. My Fellow Soldiers: General John Pershing and the Americans Who Helped Win the Great War. (Penguin Press, 2017)
Learn about the life and career of John J. Pershing, the U.S. Army general who led the American Expeditionary Force in World War I. Find out how he fought in the Spanish-American War, the Philippines, and Mexico, and earned the rank of General of the Armies.
Apr 24, 2015 · Learn about the life and career of General John J. Pershing, who led the American Expeditionary Force in World War I and became the only other person to hold the rank of General of the Armies. Find out about his early military service, his family tragedy, his role in capturing Pancho Villa and his legacy.
General of the Armies John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948), was a general officer in the United States Army. He led the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I. Pershing is the only person to be promoted in his own lifetime to the highest rank ever held in the United States Army.
Jan 7, 2019 · John J. Pershing (born September 13, 1860, in Laclede, MO) steadily progressed up through the ranks of the military to become the decorated leader of US forces in Europe during World War I. He was the first to rank as General of the Armies of United States. Pershing died at Walter Reed Army Hospital on July 15, 1948. Early Life.
May 27, 2019 · Under Pershing’s command, two million American soldiers helped break the stalemate in Europe and win the war for the Allies. John J. “Black Jack” Pershing portrait by Joseph Cummings Chase Pershing's WWI Victory Medal
