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- Kay Boatner
- EARLY HISTORY. Among the first Britons (people who live in the United Kingdom) were the Picts, who arrived some 10,000 years ago likely from mainland Europe.
- UNITING THE KINGDOM. In the 13th century, England took control of Wales. About 200 years later, in 1485, Welsh noble Henry Tudor claimed the English crown and became Henry VII, the first of five Tudor monarchs.
- COLONIZATION. Eager to find the wealth that Portugaland Spainhad found after taking control of other lands, the U.K. began establishing colonies in what would eventually become the United States.
- THE EARLY 20th CENTURY. In the late 19th century, Germanybegan competing with the U.K. and other European countries to set up colonies in Africa and Asia.
- Early Settlers and Invaders
- Romans
- Angles, Saxons, and Jutes
- Danes
- The Norman Conquest
- The Plantagenet Kings
- The Magna Carta
- Birth of Parliament
- Attempts to Expand
- The Tudors
The island of Great Britain has been inhabited for thousands of years. Celtic groups, including the Britons, arrived in what is now England by about the 500s bce.
The Romans invaded England in about 55 bce. They controlled most of it by 100 ce. England and Wales together formed the Roman province of Britannia. They remained part of the Roman Empire until the 400s.
Three groups from northern Europe invaded England beginning in the 400s. These invaders were the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. They took over most of England and gradually formed several kingdoms. Their language, Anglo-Saxon, later developed into modern English. The region became known as Angle-land, which later came to be England.
Danish Vikings conquered large parts of England in the 800s. The Anglo-Saxon ruler Alfred the Greatdefeated the Danes in 877. The rulers who followed him established one united English kingdom in the 900s. The Danes invaded again, and England was ruled by Danish kings for part of the 1000s.
A different group of Vikings called the Normans had taken control of northern France. In 1066 the Norman duke Williamconquered England from France. The Normans ruled England until 1154. They were strong kings, and they prevented any further invasions of England. The Normans also introduced a system called feudalism, in which the king gave land to t...
In 1154 a new line of English kings came to power. They became known as the Plantagenets. The Plantagenets ruled England for more than 300 years. Henry IIwas the first of this new line of kings. He made important changes to the court system that promoted more equal treatment of law cases. He also sent armies to conquer Ireland.
The early Plantagenet kings struggled for power with the Roman Catholic Church and the nobles. King John was a cruel and unpopular ruler. The nobles joined together to try to limit the king’s power. They declared that the king must rule according to law. In 1215 they forced King John to agree to this in a new document called the Magna Carta(“Great ...
Later in the 1200s, Parliamentdeveloped from a group of nobles that gave the king advice and agreed to new taxes. Later Parliaments included representatives from the church and common people as well as the nobles. Many struggles occurred as Parliament tried to expand its powers and limit the powers of the king.
In the late 1200s, King Edward I conquered Wales. He also tried to take control of Scotland but did not succeed. In addition, the English kings claimed they had a right to inherit the rule of France. In the 1300s, England began a long struggle with France called the Hundred Years’ War. France eventually defeated England in the 1400s.
The Tudorline of rulers took power in 1485. England enjoyed more than a century of peace and wealth under the Tudors.
Feb 9, 2024 · Kids Encyclopedia Facts. Mostly low hills and flatlands, especially in the south, midlands and east. Upland or mountainous terrain prevails in the north and parts of the west. England comprises most of the central and southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain, in addition to a number of small islands of which the largest is the Isle of ...
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Divisions: The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Each country has its own way of forming administrative divisions of the government. England is divided up into nine regions, Scotland into 32 council areas, Wales into 22 authorities, and Northern Ireland into 26 districts.
England is the largest of the four countries of the United Kingdom. It is on the island called Great Britain, with Wales and Scotland. England has coasts on the North Sea, English Channel ...
The United Kingdom is an island country of western Europe. It consists of four parts: England, Scotland, and Wales, which occupy the island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland, on the island of Ireland. The country’s full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Sometimes the name Great Britain, or simply Britain ...
Suitable for teaching geography at KS1 and KS2 in England and Wales, Early and 1st and 2nd level in Scotland and Foundation and KS1 in Northern Ireland. This short film introduces the concept of ...
