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A second language ( L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language. A speaker's dominant language, which is the language a speaker uses most or is most comfortable with, is not necessarily the speaker's ...
Indonesian speaker. Indonesian ( Bahasa Indonesia; [baˈhasa indoˈnesija]) is the official and national language of Indonesia. [8] It is a standardized variety of Malay, [9] an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries. Indonesia is the fourth most populous nation in ...
t. e. Second-language acquisition ( SLA ), sometimes called second-language learning —otherwise referred to as L2 ( language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language. Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.
Loudspeaker. The hole below the lowest woofer is a port for a bass reflex system. A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or speaker driver) is an electroacoustic transducer [1] : 597 that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. [2] A speaker system, also often simply referred to as a speaker or loudspeaker ...
The degree of similarity between the sounds of a speaker’s first and second language (L1 and L2) is believed to determine the likelihood of accurate perception and production of the L2 sounds. This paper explores the relationship between cross-linguistic similarity and the perception and production of a subset of English vowels, including the highly productive /iː/-/ɪ/ contrast (as in ...
- Juli Cebrian, Celia Gorba, Núria Gavaldà
- 2021
Nov 10, 2020 · This chapter introduces global challenges of oral communication in a target language (L2) in EFL contexts. Bringing together several lines of isolated studies on current literature, the chapter provides a coherent description of the complex and multidimensional nature of oral interaction problems in EFL contexts.
The comparison of monolingual and bilingual data demonstrates the highly integrative nature between L2 learning and the changing of one's entire cognitive outlook in L2 speakers. This Element makes relevant connections between language learning and bilingual cognition, aiming to shed new light on how learners acquire conceptual distinctions of ...
