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People also ask
What types of cancer can you get if you never smoked?
How is cancer in nonsmokers different from smoker's cancer?
Can you get lung cancer if you don't smoke?
Most nonsmokers have no early signs of lung cancer, which means it is often not diagnosed until it has spread—but some do have symptoms in the early stages. These are similar to the symptoms in smokers and may include the following: A cough that doesn’t go away or gets worse over time Coughing up blood Chest pain or discomfort
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The most common symptoms of lung cancer are: A cough that does not go away or gets worse. Coughing up blood or rust-colored sputum (spit or phlegm) Chest pain that is often worse with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing. Hoarseness. Loss of appetite. Unexplained weight loss. Shortness of breath. Feeling tired or weak.
- Overview
- Is it possible?
- Which types of lung cancer affect those who do not smoke?
- Causes and risk factors
- How does lung cancer affect those who do not smoke?
- Symptoms
- Treatment
- Outlook
- Prevention
- Cancer screening
Lung cancer is less common in those who do not smoke, but it can still occur. Two of the main contributors to nonsmoking lung cancer are secondhand smoke and a naturally occurring radioactive gas called radon.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 10–20% of lung cancers in the United States each year occur in people who smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime or never smoked at all.
People typically associate lung cancer with smoking. However, a considerable number of those who do not smoke develop lung cancer.
According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), approximately 20% of people who die from lung cancer in the U.S. each year have never smoked or used tobacco in other forms.
There are two main types of lung cancer: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
According to the CDC, the different types of cancer that typically affect those who have never smoked include:
•Adenocarcinoma: This is a type of NSCLC that starts in lung cells that make mucus. It accounts for 50–60% of lung cancers in nonsmokers.
•Squamous cell carcinoma: This is also a type of NSLCL. It starts in cells that line the airways of the lungs. Approximately 10–20% of nonsmokers with lung cancer have squamous cell carcinoma.
The primary cause of lung cancer among people who have never smoked is radon, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Radon is a radioactive gas that comes from the breakdown of uranium in rocks and soils. It can seep into homes and other buildings, such as schools, where it may become concentrated.
Radon has no color or odor. A person must test their home to see if radon is present.
Other potential causes and risk factors include:
•Secondhand smoke: Approximately 7,000 adults die each year from lung cancer that results from breathing in secondhand smoke. Breathing in secondhand smoke exposes a person to cancer-causing chemicals, according to the CDC.
•Air pollution: The chance of developing lung cancer increases slightly in cities or areas with heavy traffic.
Lung cancer can affect those who have never smoked differently from those who have previously smoked.
A 2020 study examined 129,000 lung cancer cases across the U.S. In those who have never smoked, the researchers found that lung cancer was more prevalent among females and those between the ages of 20 and 49.
Additionally, lung cancer cells in those who have never smoked or those who have not smoked heavily may have particular genetic changes.
A 2020 article notes that the most common genetic changes were found in the following genes:
•epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
•anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)
The symptoms of lung cancer are the same for smokers and nonsmokers.
The American Lung Association (ALA) notes that in the early stages of lung cancer, many people do not have symptoms.
However, symptoms can inlcude:
•frequent coughing that worsens over time
•frequent lung infections, such as pneumonia or bronchitis
•coughing up blood
Treatment of lung cancer depends on several factors, according to ACS.
These include:
•the stage of the cancer
•an individual’s overall health
•the person’s lung function
•the traits of the cancer, such as genetics
A 2020 review states that nonsmokers with lung cancer do not respond better to treatment, or have a better outlook, than those who do smoke.
The outlook for someone with lung cancer depends on several factors.
According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), these include:
•the type of lung cancer
•the stage of the cancer
•the tumor size
A person can take certain steps to reduce the chance of developing lung cancer:
•Radon tests: As radon is a significant risk factor for developing lung cancer, people should have their home tested for radon.
•Secondhand smoke: A person can avoid public areas where smoking is allowed and not permit smoking in the home or car.
•Chemicals in the workplace: Someone who works around cancer-causing substances can talk to their employer about how to limit their exposure.
Healthcare professionals screen a person for lung cancer using low-dose computed tomography, which creates detailed images of the lungs.
There are currently no guidelines that recommend lung cancer screening in those who do not smoke.
The CDC does not recommend lung cancer screening for those who do not smoke because the risks of screening outweigh the potential benefits for this group.
If a person notices any symptoms of lung cancer, they should contact a healthcare professional as soon as possible.
Oct 14, 2020 · Published on: October 14, 2020. Written by: ACS Medical Content and News Staff. Not all people who get lung cancer smoke. As many as 20% of people who die from lung cancer in the United States every year have never smoked or used any other form of tobacco.
Apr 30, 2024 · The risk of lung cancer increases with the length of time and number of cigarettes smoked. Quitting smoking, even after smoking for many years, significantly lowers the chances of developing lung cancer. Lung cancer also can happen in people who have never smoked.
Dec 4, 2023 · In the United States, about 10% to 20% of lung cancers, or 20,000 to 40,000 lung cancers each year, happen in people who never smoked or smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. Researchers estimate that secondhand smoke contributes to about 7,300 and radon to about 2,900 of these lung cancers.
Oct 31, 2022 · Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. It accounts for over 80% of lung cancer cases. Common types include adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Adenosquamous carcinoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma are two less common types of NSCLC.
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