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Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides (approximately 150 to 200 base pairs long in eukaryotes) which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase to create the lagging strand during DNA replication.
Learn about Okazaki fragments, the short DNA segments synthesised on the lagging strand during DNA replication. Find out how they are formed, processed and joined by DNA polymerases and ligases.
Learn how DNA polymerase synthesizes DNA in the 5' to 3' direction, and how Okazaki fragments are made on the lagging strand. See diagrams and examples of DNA replication in E. coli and humans.
- DNA Gyrase is a topoisomerase. There are several kinds
- At the ends of DNA strands there is a section non-coding nucleotides that we call a telomere. The telomere is what gets shorter every time a cell d...
- The DNA is first unwound at origins of replication and the displaced histone proteins move onto to other parts of the DNA that haven't been unwound...
- Yep, that was a typo! I've fixed it now and it should be corrected on the site shortly. Thanks for noticing!
- The key word is the "usually." The reaction won't occur with a mis-paired base in most cases. However, about 1 in 10^5 base pairs will involve an i...
- Prokaryotes have DNA polymerases I, II, III, eukaryotes have alpha, delta, epsilon and such.
- Great question! Yes, DNA polymerase II is involved in repair of damage that occurs outside the context of DNA replication, such as cross-links betw...
- Helicase enzyme. It binds at replication initiation site and moves along DNA, in front of polymerase III, opening replication fork.
- Most DNA exists as a double-stranded DNA in a double helix — the strands are held together by base pairs and we usually think of this as a single m...
- I found this on Nature.com: “DNA is always synthesized in the 5'-to-3' direction, meaning that nucleotides are added only to the 3' end of the grow...
Aug 3, 2023 · Learn about Okazaki fragments, short DNA sequences with RNA primers that are synthesized discontinuously and joined during DNA replication. Discover their discovery, formation, and significance for cell growth and chromosome stability.
Okazaki fragment maturation (OFM), the most frequently occurring DNA metabolic process, is efficient, faithful, and highly regulated, and it is crucial for maintaining genome integrity and cell survival. Unligated Okazaki fragments are a major source of DNA single-strand breaks in eukaryotic cells. Cells activate DNA damage response checkpoints ...
Okazaki fragments are pieces of DNA synthesized during lagging strand replication. Learn about their structure, function, and role in repeat instability, primer RNA synthesis, and DNA replication-repair interface from various chapters and articles.
The prokaryotic mechanism for joining Okazaki fragments is simple and efficient. The eukaryotic mechanism may involve multiple pathways and can be optimized for efficiency or fidelity. Replication of cellular chromosomal DNA is initiated by the multienzyme replisome machinery, which unwinds the DNA helix to create a replication fork.
