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The 2021 NFL season was the 102nd season of the National Football League (NFL). The season was the first to feature a 17-game regular season schedule as the league expanded the season from 16 games. The regular season started on September 9, 2021, with defending Super Bowl LV champion Tampa Bay defeating Dallas in the NFL Kickoff Game. The ...
NFC teams: West, North, South, East. The 2017 NFL season was the 98th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL) and the 52nd of the Super Bowl era. The season began on September 7, 2017, with the Kansas City Chiefs defeating the defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots in the NFL Kickoff Game.
- Overview
- History
- Pipe Organs
- Non-Piped Organs
- Mechanical Organs
- Music
- See Also
- Further Reading
- External Links
Pipe organs, which use air moving through pipes to produce sounds. The air is supplied by bellows, an electric motor or water. Since the 16th century, pipe organs have used various materials for pi...Mechanical organs, which include the barrel organ and Orchestrion. These are controlled by mechanical means such as pinned barrels or book music. Little barrel organs dispense with the hands of an...Predecessors
Predecessors to the organ include: 1. Panpipes, pan flute, syrinx, and nai, etc., are considered as ancestor of the pipe organ. 2. Aulos, an ancient double reed instrument with two pipes, is the origin of the word Hydr-aulis(water-aerophone).
Origins
The organ is a relatively old musical instrument, dating from the time of Ctesibius of Alexandria (285–222 BC), who invented the water organ. It was played throughout the Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman world, particularly during races and games. During the early medieval period it spread from the Byzantine Empire, where it continued to be used in secular (non-religious) and imperial court music, to Western Europe, where it gradually assumed a prominent place in the liturgy of the Catholic Ch...
Early organs
Early organs include: 1. 3rd century BC: the Hydraulis, ancient Greek water-powered organ played by valves. 2. 1st century (at least): the Ptera and the Pteron, an ancient Roman organ similar in appearance to the portative organs 3. 2nd century: the Magrepha, ancient Hebrew organ of ten pipes played by a keyboard 4. 8th century: Pippin's organ of 757 (Carolingian dynasty) was sent as a gift to the West by the Byzantine emperor Constantine V 5. 9th century: the automatic flute player (and poss...
The pipe organ is the largest musical instrument. These instruments vary greatly in size, ranging from a cubic meter to a height reaching five floors, and are built in churches, synagogues, concert halls, and homes. Small organs are called "positive" (easily placed in different locations) or "portative" (small enough to carry while playing). The pi...
Reed or pump organ
The pump organ, reed organ or harmonium, was the other main type of organ before the development of the electronic organ. It generated its sounds using reeds similar to those of an accordion. Smaller, cheaper and more portable than the corresponding pipe instrument, these were widely used in smaller churches and in private homes, but their volume and tonal range was extremely limited. They were generally limited to one or two manuals; they seldom had a pedalboard. 1. Harmoniumor parlor organ:...
Electronic organs
Since the 1930s, pipeless electric instruments have been available to produce similar sounds and perform similar roles to pipe organs. Many of these have been bought both by houses of worship and other potential pipe organ customers, and also by many musicians both professional and amateur for whom a pipe organ would not be a possibility. Far smaller and cheaper to buy than a corresponding pipe instrument, and in many cases portable, they have taken organ music into private homes and into dan...
Mechanical organsinclude: 1. Barrel organ: made famous by organ grindersin its portable form, the larger form often equipped with keyboards for human performance 2. Organette: small, accordion-like instrument manufactured in New York in the late 1800s 3. Novelty instruments or various types that operate on the same principles. These pipe organs use...
Classical music
The organ has had an important place in classical music, particularly since the 16th century. Spain's Antonio de Cabezón, the Netherlands' Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, and Italy's Girolamo Frescobaldi were three of the most important organist-composers before 1650. Influenced in part by Sweelinck and Frescobaldi, the North German school rose from the mid-17th century onwards to great prominence, with leading members of this school having included Buxtehude, Franz Tunder, Georg Böhm, Georg Phili...
Jazz
Electronic organs and electromechanical organs such as the Hammond organhave an established role in a number of popular-music genres, such as blues, jazz, gospel, and 1960s and 1970s rock music. Electronic and electromechanical organs were originally designed as lower-cost substitutes for pipe organs. Despite this intended role as a sacred music instrument, electronic and electromechanical organs' distinctive tone-often modified with electronic effects such as vibrato, rotating Leslie speaker...
Popular music
Performers of 20th century popular organ music include William Rowland who composed "Piano Rags"; George Wright (1920–1998) and Virgil Fox(1912–1980), who bridged both the classical and religious areas of music. Church-style pipe organs are sometimes used in rock music. Examples include Tangerine Dream, Rick Wakeman (with Yes and solo), Keith Emerson (with The Nice and Emerson, Lake and Palmer), George Duke (with Frank Zappa), Dennis DeYoung (with Styx), Arcade Fire, Muse, Roger Hodgson (form...
Rimbault, Edward Francis (c. 1865). The Early English Organ Builders and their work . London: William Reeves.The latest NFL Standings by Division, Conference and League. The official source for NFL news, video highlights, fantasy football, game-day coverage, schedules, stats, scores and more.
Since 2002, the league has consisted of 32 teams based across the United States. Each NFL season since 2021 has started with a three-week preseason in August, followed by the 18-week regular season which runs from early September to early January, with each team playing 17 games and having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular ...
Shay Torrent was the original organist for both the White Sox (1960–1966) and the California Angels (1967–1985). Another early stadium organist, John Kiley, got his start playing for silent films at the Criterion Theater in Roxbury at the age of 15. He went on to play for the Red Sox, the Boston Bruins, and the Boston Celtics.
Jan 6, 2018 · Draft Results. 2017 NFL Team Links. View a summary of the 2017 NFL season, including standings, stats, statistics, game results, playoffs, draft results and leaders.
