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Ur-Nungal of Uruk was the sixth Sumerian ruler in the First Dynasty of Uruk (c. 26th century BC), according to the Sumerian King List, which also claims he ruled 30 years. Both the Sumerian King List and the Tummal Chronicle state he was the son of Gilgamesh , but only the Sumerian King List records he was the father of Udul-kalama .
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Nungal was the daughter of Ereshkigal, Queen of the Underworld, and so was associated with the afterlife but also, as daughter-in-law of the sky god Enlil (who maintained order), with justice. Her consort, Birtum, was an underworld god, also linked with justice, whose name translates as "shackle". She is also referenced, symbolically, as a "daughte...
The following is taken from The Literature of Ancient Sumer, translated by Jeremy Black et al., and from The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, translated by the same. Ellipses indicate missing words or lines, and question marks suggest an alternate translation of a word.
As noted, the Hymn to Nungalwas included as part of the curriculum of the scribal schools, was probably recited at festivals, and is thought to have encouraged compliance with the law through fear of the punishments that awaited transgressors. Jeremy Black comments: At the same time, the poem provided hope of forgiveness for those who erred in igno...
- Joshua J. Mark
His rule probably would have taken place sometime in the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period, c. 2900 – 2350 BC, though he became a major figure in Sumerian legend during the Third Dynasty of Ur ( c. 2112 – c. 2004 BC ). Tales of Gilgamesh's legendary exploits are narrated in five surviving Sumerian poems.
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Sumerian King List: list of rulers of ancient Sumer, used as a framework for the study of Mesopotamian chronology. Sixteen copies (indicated as A, B, C... P) of this text are known, all of them written in Sumerian, although some of them clearly show Akkadian influence. The text appears to have been composed in the late third millennium BCE (Ur ...
Uruk, today known as Warka, was a city in the ancient Near East situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates River on the dried-up ancient channel of the Euphrates. The site lies 93 kilometers (58 miles) northwest of ancient Ur, 108 kilometers (67 miles) southeast of ancient Nippur, and 24 kilometers (15 miles) southeast of ancient Larsa.
Dec 28, 2022 · The Death of Gilgamesh is a Sumerian poem relating the death and afterlife of the famous hero-king of Uruk, who had become a legendary figure. The piece is dated to before the Ur III Period (2047-1750 BCE), and although its theme informs The Epic of Gilgamesh, it is not always included in modern-day translations.
Mar 31, 2015 · Ur-Nungal of Uruk was the heir of Gilgamesh, a shadowy figure from the Sumerian king list who also appears as maintaining the temple of Enlil at Nippur in the Tummal Inscription. There's something strange about this name: Nungal is also the name of a goddess.
