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Aside from the number of levels, the most important distinction between a unitary system and a federal one is that the states or provinces of a federal state have constitutionally protected sovereignty.
The United States is one example of a federal republic. The U.S. Constitution grants specific powers to the national government while retaining other powers for the states. For example, the federal government can negotiate treaties with other countries while state and local authorities cannot.
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The distinction between unitary and federal states; Classifying states as federal or unitary. Federal and semifederal states; Unitary states; International unions of states
The second, federalism, apportions power between two levels of government: national and subnational. In the United States, the term federal government refers to the government at the national level, while the term states means governments at the subnational level. FEDERALISM DEFINED AND CONTRASTED
May 17, 2021 · The Constitution divides the federal government into three branches to ensure a central government in which no individual or group gains too much control: Legislative – Makes laws (Congress) Executive – Carries out laws (President, Vice President, Cabinet)
Unitary versus Federal Representative Regimes. Representative regimes can be structured in a number of concrete ways. One point of differentiation among representative regimes is the distinction between unitary or federal.
2. The American system of government is divided into three levels (federal, state, and local) in order to balance power and accommodate the preferences of different areas/regions. States might have laws that differ from one another; for example, one state might have legalized marijuana while another hasn't.
