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What is value debate?
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delivering the majority of your team’s substantive material, and will need facts, statistics, examples, or other evidence to back up what they are saying. Third Speaker: The third speaker has to do four things. Firstly, they REBUT. Secondly, they REBUT. Thirdly, they REBUT. And fourthly, they SUM UP.
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06 DEBATE 101: Everything You Need to Know about Policy Debate: You Learned Here NATIONAL SPEECH DEBATE ASSOCIATION I. ARGUMENTS. Arguments are the building blocks of debate. Learning about making arguments the right way is the essence of being well spoken in any walk of life, whether it is in the classroom, the workplace or at the kitchen table.
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- What is Debate?
- Use of Evidence in Debates
- Logic and the Burden of Proof
- OCDL Debate Format
- Distinguishing the Sides
- Number and Order of Speeches (continued)
- Keeping Notes: The OCDL Flow Chart
- Interrupting the Speaker: Points of Information and Heckles
- points of information
- Points of Information
- Heckling
- Calling the Debate: Winning Side and Speaker Scores
- How Does a Judge Decide Who Wins?
- The OCDL Tournaments
- Preparing for Tournaments
- Debate Chambers (the classroom)
- The Debate Audience
- Common Debate Strategies
- Assertion, Reasoning, Evidence, Impact (AREI)
- Direct and Indirect Refutation
- Four Step Refutation
- Argument Extensions: Making the Argument Stronger
- Weighing the Impacts
- Narrowing and Defining the Terms of the Resolution
- Challenging a Definition/Narrow
- Framework - What Should be Prioritized in the Decision
- Framework - What Should be Prioritized in the Decision
- Plans
- General Rules of OCDL Tournaments
- Two-person Team Rules
- Scramble Teams
- Alternates
- Grievance Process
- Conclusion
debate features two sides arguing a given controversial topic, which may also be referred to as a resolution. In debate, the two sides take turns giving speeches for or against the resolution. Resolutions may be statements of fact, policy or value. Examples of controversial topics include the following: The death penalty is immoral (fact) Schools s...
One key part of debate is evidence, which is critical to making a good argument. Debaters are expected to use facts, examples, and other evidence to support arguments or points. This is an important skill because arguments should be supported by facts and experience (not just one’s own opinion). Debaters in the OCDL have several weeks to thoroughly...
Another important part of debate is logic or reasoning. Like evidence, understanding logic is an important skill because arguments must make sense. Debaters are expected to point out flaws in the logic of or contradictions between opponents’ arguments. One important component of the debate logic is the burden of proof, a logical principle that the ...
The Orange County Debate League exclusively uses modified parliamentary style of debate. This style allows more participants in each round and is the preferred style for students in the middle grades.
The two sides (or teams) in OCDL debate are the proposition and the opposition. The proposition side speakers argue for the resolution, while the opposition speaks against the resolution. Teams cannot choose the side they prefer; rather, they must accept the side on which they have been assigned by the tabulation software.
The first four speeches of the debate are called the constructive speeches. The last two speeches are called the rebuttal speeches. Besides the limit on time, the only rule for speeches is that rebuttal speakers cannot advance arguments not already started by previous speakers. Simply put, rebuttal speakers cannot advance new arguments. The general...
Below you will see a sample flow chart, the graphic organizer where students (and judges) keep notes for the debate.
OCDL style debate allows for interruptions of the speaker by any member of the non-speaker team. These interruptions are known as
and heckles. Both kinds of interruptions are vocally directed towards a judge rather than the opponent. Similarly, any response by the speaker is directed towards the judge.
A point of information (POI) is a request to the speaker that holds the floor to yield up to 15 seconds. If accepted, the requester may ask a question or make a comment. The POI is an essential element in modified parliamentary debate as it can be used to clarify the opponents’ position or to refute or rebut arguments. To begin a POI, the requester...
Heckling is permitted in OCDL debates. Heckling is when the team which does not hold the floor simply yells out a 1-3 words abridged statement in lieu of a longer, argumentative point. Done well, heckling improves debates by increasing the number refutes/rebuttals throughout the course of the debate. Because of this, only “argumentative” heckling i...
At the conclusion of a debate, the judge will ask debaters and guests to exit the room while the judge examines his or her flowsheet notes and decides which side was more convincing. After a few minutes, everyone returns to the room, and the judge discloses, or reveals, which side won and how many points each debater earned. Judges use the speaker ...
The debate round is won when one side convinces the judge of their arguments. Arguments must be raised in both the constructive speeches and the rebuttal speeches to count in for victory. A judge bases his or her decision upon a preponderance of the evidence, or the number of and strength of impact for the arguments of the round. Judges are volun...
OCDL tournaments typically feature four rounds. The first and second round feature the same topic, with students debating each side (proposition and opposition). In the OCDL, debaters must have all research information printed prior to the tournament start. Once the topic is announced, debaters have 20 minutes to write their research/information o...
OCDL debate topics are complex and often relate to society in a way that may not have been introduced in the middle school curriculum. In the weeks leading up to a tournament, students should research the debate topics, gather evidence, write arguments, anticipate refutations and consider the impact of the arguments; in short, students should show ...
Debate chambers are typically a classroom on the given host site campus. In a debate room, the two teams sit at separate tables (facing the judge) with a designated place where each debater will come up to speak. There is no specific order in which the speakers must sit at their tables. Judges will usually sit in the back of the classroom (behind a...
Spectators, known as the peanut gallery, are allowed to be in the debating rooms. They are allowed to take notes (keep a flow chart) of the debate proceedings, but they may not film, audio record, or take pictures of the debaters during the round. The audience may only use positive heckles and may not participate in any other way; this includes hel...
There are many ways to engage in a debate, and students are welcome to argue a given side as they wish; however, coaches typically teach their students certain methods that are often employed during debates. Listed below are several common elements of debate found in the OCDL.
To win a debate, both sides need to present an array of assertions, or arguments. While argument construction can take many forms, one of the most common argument structures used by OCDL debaters is A-R-E-I. AREI is a formal way to form a complete argument and is comprised of four components: Assertion: The assertion is a claim, or a simple statem...
Good debates feature an abundance of “clash” between arguments and opposing sides. It is not enough for debaters to simply deliver impassioned speeches about their side of a motion; rather, debaters must also refute the arguments made by the other side and show why the balance of arguments means their side wins. The speaker performance rubric makes...
An effective refutation technique is called four step refutation. It’s common for OCDL coaches to train debaters to use the process as follows: “They say...” (Briefly repeat the argument of the other side) “We disagree.” (Simply put) “Because...” (Gives a reason for her disagreement or counterargument) “Therefore....” (Explains the consequence of t...
The offense-driven twin of argument refutation is argument extension. Arguments are extended when subsequent speakers develop an argument raised in earlier speeches. Argument extension includes restating an argument, answering objections to the argument (rebutting) and developing the argument through new examples. In good debates, arguments grow th...
In any debate, two sides may both have convincing arguments that are not successfully refuted (and thus remain standing) at the end of the round. One strategy used (most often by third speakers) is weighing (or comparing the arguments) of the two sides: proposition and opposition. In order to weigh the arguments, the debater may use one of the foll...
The proposition team may reasonably interpret, shrink or clearly define the topic: this is called a narrow. Narrowing a topic also makes a resolution reasonably debatable within a thirty-minute time frame. Sometimes debates are narrowed to a specific aspect of a resolution even when neither side explicitly mentions anything about it. For example, a...
The opposition is entitled to challenge a narrow or definition that they consider unfair. An opposition team may feel that an opponent defined the terms in a strange way or that the narrow is “too narrow” to allow for a fair debate. In this case, they can challenge the narrow by arguing why the narrow is unfair. The judge assumes a passive role: he...
Debaters may reference something called a framework to influence the judge’s decision. A framework sets up what should be the most important factor in making his/her decision. The idea may be best illustrated in a restaurant example: When choosing a restaurant, what factors do you consider? The food? The service? The ambiance? The prices? ...
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
This guide is open to change on an annual basis based upon suggestions of coaches, debaters, administrators and spectators. Whatever situations and terms not defined in the preceding rules and guidelines will be decided upon by the league administration and board of directors in the best interest of the students and the organization.
Mar 27, 2024 · 1. Understand the Nature of a Debate. Before diving into the strategies, it’s essential to have a clear understanding of what a debate entails. A debate is not merely a shouting match or an opportunity to demean your opponent. It is an art that requires respect, logic, and critical thinking.
So then, what is value debate? Following this definition, a value debate is a debate between conflicting principles, standards and qualities considered as desirable. This usually takes the form of a resolution that poses a conflict between two different values where we have to determine which is most important. For example, in the resolution ...
Each topic reflects a complex interplay of values, ethics, and practical considerations that make them enduring subjects of discussion and debate. How To Write A Debate Speech ? Introduction: Grabbing Attention
Oct 26, 2023 · In this section, we'll explore valuable tips and techniques to help you speak with confidence and authority during a debate. So, let's dive in and learn how to speak during a debate! 1. Structure Your Speech. Start with a clear and concise introduction that grabs the audience's attention and clearly states your position.
