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- DNA, short for deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms. This includes animals, plants, protists, archaea and bacteria. It is made up of two polynucleotide chains in a double helix.
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Deoxyribonucleic acid ( / diːˈɒksɪˌraɪboʊnjuːˌkliːɪk, - ˌkleɪ -/ ⓘ; [1] DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.
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- DNA (Disambiguation)
Les Dernières Nouvelles d'Alsace or Les DNA, a daily French...
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid containing the...
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- Polynucleotide
In molecular biology, a polynucleotide (from Ancient Greek...
- Adenine
Adenine (/ ˈ æ d ɪ n ɪ n /) (symbol A or Ade) is a purine...
- Nucleobase
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- Structure of DNA
- Copying DNA
- Protein Synthesis
- History of DNA Research
- What Happens When DNA Gets Damaged
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DNA has a double helix shape, which is like a ladder twisted into a spiral. Each step of the ladder is a pair of nucleotides.
When DNA is copied, this is called DNA replication. Briefly, the hydrogen bonds holding together paired bases are broken and the molecule is split in half: the legs of the ladder are separated. This gives two single strands. New strands are formed by matching the bases (A with T and G with C) to make the missing strands. First, an enzyme called DNA...
A section of DNA that contains instructions to make a protein is called a gene. Each gene has the sequence for at least one polypeptide. Proteins form structures, and also form enzymes. The enzymes do most of the work in cells. Proteins are made out of smaller polypeptides, which are formed of amino acids. To make a protein to do a particular job, ...
DNA was first isolated (extracted from cells) by Swiss physician Friedrich Miescher in 1869, when he was working on bacteria from the pus in surgical bandages. The molecule was found in the nucleus of the cells and so he called it nuclein. In 1928, Frederick Griffith discovered that traits of the "smooth" form of Pneumococcus could be transferred t...
DNA gets damaged a lot of times in cells which is a problem has DNA provide instructions to making proteins. But, cells have ways to fix these problems most of the time. Cells make use of special enzymes. Different enzymesfix different types of damages to DNA. The problem comes in different types: 1. One common error is base mismatch or where the b...
Police in the United States used DNA and family tree public databases to solve cold cases. The American Civil Liberties Unionraised concerns over this practice.
6 days ago · DNA, organic chemical of complex molecular structure found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits. The structure of DNA was described in 1953, leading to further understanding of DNA replication and hereditary control of cellular activities.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is an organic chemical that contains genetic information and instructions for protein synthesis. It is found in most ce...
- DNA is made of nucleotides. A nucleotide has two components: a backbone, made from the sugar deoxyribose and phosphate groups, and nitrogenous base...
- The discovery of DNA’s double-helix structure is credited to the researchers James Watson and Francis Crick, who, with fellow researcher Maurice Wi...
- Gene editing today is mostly done through a technique called Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), adopted from a bac...
- DNA is the master blueprint for life and constitutes the genetic material in all free-living organisms. RNA uses DNA to code for the structure of p...
Apr 8, 2019 · Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a biological macromolecule that carries hereditary information in many organisms. DNA is necessary for the production of proteins, the regulation, metabolism, and reproduction of the cell. Large compressed DNA molecules with associated proteins, called chromatin, are mostly present inside the nucleus.
In molecular biology, [1] [2] [3] DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. [4] . DNA replication occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part of biological inheritance.
The structure of DNA, as represented in Watson and Crick's model, is a double-stranded, antiparallel, right-handed helix. The sugar-phosphate backbones of the DNA strands make up the outside of the helix, while the nitrogenous bases are found on the inside and form hydrogen-bonded pairs that hold the DNA strands together.
