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- Following the Civil War, Pennsylvania grew into a Republican stronghold politically and a major manufacturing and transportation center. During the 20th century, after the Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II in the 1940s, Pennsylvania moved towards the service and financial industries economically and became a swing state politically.
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With the end of the Civil War came a period of great economic, industrial, and population expansion in Pennsylvania. Until well into the 20th century, Pennsylvania was the second most populous state in the country.
During the 20th century, after the Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II in the 1940s, Pennsylvania moved towards the service and financial industries economically and became a swing state politically.
At the dawn of the 20th century, Pennsylvania was an industrial powerhouse and international center of technological innovation. Pennsylvanians had little doubt that their state would continue its explosive economic growth producing steel, textiles, locomotives and railroad cars, machine parts, and a broad range of manufactured goods in high ...
Although the period from 1920 until the stock market crash of October 1929 was one of great monetary and material growth, Pennsylvania experienced temporary declines during these years in three basic economic sectors: coal, agriculture, and textiles.
At the dawn of the twenty-first century, agriculture remained Pennsylvania's leading industry, and family owned and operated farms in close proximity to major markets continued to produce food for the Commonwealth, the nation, and the world.
Throughout most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, coal, iron, steel, railroads, and petroleum formed the basis for giant industries that dominated the economic landscape of the state.
America's first larger scale type of industrial enterprise, demand-ing more capital and more technical processes than were common to most industry of the time. A second factor in Pennsylvania's emergence from a colonial economy was the importance of Phila-delphia commerce.
