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The decisive naval actions at Guadalcanal took place from November 12-15. In the first action, on the night of 12–13 November, Rear Admiral Daniel Callaghan, who had superseded Scott as he was senior, emulated Scott’s tactics at Cape Esperance.
- Multiple Engagements, Recurring Themes
- Battle of Cape Esperance
- Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal
- Battle of Tassafaronga
- ‘Aggressiveness and Individual Initiative’
The Battle of Savo Island was the first major night battle fought during the six-month struggle for Guadalcanal. Prompted by the landing of Major General Alexander A. Vandegrift’s 1st Marine Division at Guadalcanal on 7 August 1942, Vice Admiral Gunichi Mikawa’s seven cruisers and one destroyer entered Ironbottom Sound south of Savo Island, engaged...
Under pressure from Admiral Chester W. Nimitz to contest IJN dominance of the waters off Guadalcanal, Vice Admiral Robert L. Ghormley, Commander of the South Pacific Area, formed a surface action group under Rear Admiral Norman Scott. Scott drilled the four cruisers and five destroyers of Task Force 64 in tactics that reflected the perceived lesson...
To make sure they arrived safely, Yamamoto planned another bombardment. Vice Admiral Nobutake Kondo would shell Henderson Field with the battleship Kirishima and heavy cruisers Atago and Takao the night of 14 November. To oppose them, Halsey sent Task Force 64 under Rear Admiral Willis A. Lee into Ironbottom Sound. Lee had the battleships USS Washi...
After the battles of mid-November, the Japanese never mounted another major effort to retake Guadalcanal, but they did try to resupply their garrison. One attempt led to the last major surface action of the campaign, the Battle of Tassafaronga, fought on the night of 30 November. Rear Admiral Raizo Tanaka brought eight destroyers to Ironbottom Soun...
The five major battles off Guadalcanal were a test of U.S. and Japanese tactics and doctrine. Although many of the battles were tactical defeats for the U.S. Navy, its forces triumphed in the campaign because of their ability to thwart Japanese strategic designs. That ability rested on prewar tactical principles emphasizing aggressiveness and indiv...
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The close-range battle fought that night would go down as one of the most violent and bloody ever. It saw the death of two flag officers: Callaghan, as well as Rear Admiral Norman Scott, one of Ole Hagen’s 1911 Naval Academy classmates, killed by a friendly salvo in the antiaircraft cruiser Atlanta (CL-51).
Dec 14, 2017 · To protect the supply ships, Rear Admirals Daniel J. Callaghan and Norman Scott were dispatched with the heavy cruisers USS San Francisco and USS Portland, the light cruisers USS Helena, USS Juneau, and USS Atlanta, as well as 8 destroyers. Nearing Guadalcanal on the night of November 12/13, Abe's formation became confused after passing through ...
Experimentation began immediately. Rear Admiral Norman Scott, who witnessed the stunning defeat at Savo Island, recognized that established tactics for night combat were inadequate. 5 He drilled his ships in a new approach that emphasized concentrated linear formations and the ability to respond to threats from any direction.
Nov 13, 2023 · By April 1942, when the U.S. was in the throes of World War II, Callaghan was promoted to rear admiral while commanding the cruiser USS San Francisco. By November, parts of the South Pacific...
Nov 14, 2019 · Admirals Callahan and Scott would be the only US Admirals to be killed in direct ship to ship combat in the war, and aboard the USS Juneau, the five “Fighting Sullivan” brothers would all be lost.
