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John C. Frémont (born January 21, 1813, Savannah, Georgia, U.S.—died July 13, 1890, New York, New York) was an American military officer and an early explorer and mapmaker of the American West, who was one of the principal figures in opening up that region to settlement and was instrumental in the U.S. conquest and development of California.
- Jessie Ann Benton Frémont
Jessie Ann Benton Frémont (born May 31, 1824, near...
- John Pope
John Pope (born March 16, 1822, Louisville, Ky., U.S.—died...
- Jessie Ann Benton Frémont
- Early Life
- Government Employment
- Marriage
- The Pathfinder
- Mexican-American War
- California Controversy
- Presidential Pardon
- California Gold Rush
- U.S. Senator
- 1856 Presidential Candidate
John Charles Frémont was born in Savannah, Georgia, on January 21, 1813. He was the first of three children of Charles Fremon and Anne Beverly Whiting. Fremon was a native of France who immigrated to the United States after the French Revolution. In 1811, Major John Pryor hired Fremon to teach his young wife to speak French. The tutor and student s...
Prior to his expulsion, Frémont met Joel Poinsett who later served as Secretary of War in President Martin Van Buren‘s administration. In 1833, Poinsett used his influence to help Frémont obtain an assignment as a mathematics instructor aboard the United States sloop-of-war Natchezfor a two-year cruise. Upon Frémont’s return, Poinsett helped his pr...
Following a survey of the Upper Mississippi Valley, Frémont returned to Washington, D.C., where he met Missouri Senator Thomas Hart Benton and his fifteen-year-old daughter, Jessie Ann. Frémont and Jessie Ann became romantically involved and eloped on October 19, 1841, over the objections of Senator Benton. Their union lasted forty-nine years and p...
By 1842, Frémont and his young wife had reconciled with Senator Benton. A champion of Manifest Destiny, Senator Benton secured an assignment for his son-in-law to lead an exploratory expedition into the American West in 1842. Frémont led five expeditions between 1842 and 1853, earning him the nickname “Pathfinder.” Published accounts of his adventu...
During his third expedition, which left St. Louis, Missouri in May 1845, Frémont became embroiled in the Bear Flag Revolt by American settlers against Mexican authorities in California. Soon after the Mexican-American War(April 25, 1846–February 2, 1848) began, Frémont received a promotion to the rank of lieutenant colonel on May 27, 1846. On July ...
During the revolt, a rift over American control of California developed between Commodore Robert F. Stockton of the United States Navy and Brigadier General Stephen W. Kearny, of the U.S. Army. Frémont, by then a lieutenant colonel, sided with Stockton, who appointed Frémont as military governor of California after the fighting with Mexico ended. K...
When the pair later returned east, Kearny had Frémont arrested at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Accused of mutiny and other less serious offenses, Frémont appeared before a court-martial in Washington, DC. On February 17, 1848, the panel found Frémont not guilty of treason, but guilty of insubordination. Two days later, President James K. Polkoverturne...
After leaving the army, Frémont led two more privately funded expeditions into the West. Ten months prior to his departure on the fourth trip, James W. Marshall discovered gold at Sutter’s Mill in Coloma, California, on January 24, 1848. During Frémont’s third expedition, he had purchased seventy square miles of land in Mariposa County, east of San...
Frémont established residence in Monterey. When Congress admitted California to the Union on September 9, 1850, Frémont became one of the new state’s first two United States senators. Frémont served briefly in the 31st Congress from September 10, 1850, until his term expired on March 3, 1851. As a Free Soil Democrat, Frémont lost his seat in the Se...
When Free Soilers and disenchanted Whig Party members united to form the Republican Party during the early 1850s, they turned to the nationally popular Frémont as their presidential candidate in the election of 1856. Frémont ran on a platform that opposed the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and the extension of slavery into the territ...
- Harry Searles
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May 21, 2019 · Biography of John C. Frémont, Soldier, Explorer, Senator. John C. Frémont (January 21, 1813–July 13, 1890) held a controversial and unusual place in mid-19th century America. Called "The Pathfinder," he was hailed as a great explorer of the West. While Frémont did little original exploring as he mostly followed trails that had already been ...
John C. Frémont. Date of Birth - Death January 21, 1813 – July 13, 1890. The career of John Charles Frémont, who became know as “The Great Pathfinder,” proved to be far greater before the Civil War than during the conflict. Before the war, Frémont made a name for himself leading several expeditions into the west in order to explore the ...
May 21, 2018 · John Charles Frémont (1813-1890) was an American explorer, politician, and soldier. Through his explorations in the West he stimulated the American desire to own that region. He was the first presidential candidate of the Republican party. Born on Jan. 31, 1813, in Savannah, Ga., John C. Frémont was the illegitimate son of a French émigré ...
Military officer, explorer, and politician John Charles Fremont (1813-90) led several expeditions through present-day Colorado from 1843-53. His travels through Northern Colorado in 1843 helped create a series of famous Oregon Trail maps. John Charles Frémont (1813–90) was an American explorer and cartographer for the US Topographical ...
Episcopalian. John Charles Frémont (January 21, 1813 – July 13, 1890), was an American military officer and explorer. Fremont mapped most of the Oregon Trail and climbed the second highest peak in the Wind River Mountains. During the 1840s, that era's penny press accorded Frémont the epithet "The Pathfinder," which remains in use, sometimes ...
