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- Heart Defects
- Limb Reduction
- Cleft Lip Or Palate
- Neural Tube Defects
- Gut and Stomach Anomalies
The most common congenital anomalies are heart defectsTrusted Source. Most have no obvious cause, but if a pregnant woman has diabetesor smokes during pregnancy, it may increase the chance. A heart anomaly occurs when part of the heart does not form properly in the womb. This can affect how well it can circulate blood around the body. There are man...
Sometimes, part of a limb will not fully form in the womb. Known as limb reductionTrusted Source, this structural anomaly means that a limb is smaller than the usual size or missing altogether. For example, an infant may have a missing finger, clubfoot, or an arm that is shorter than usual. People with a minor limb reduction may find that it does n...
If the tissues forming the roof of the mouth or lip do not join properly, it can cause a cleft lip or palate. Some infants may have bothTrusted Source. This can affect speech, hearing, and eating. Most infants with this structural anomaly will need surgery in the first few months of life. In severe cases, they may need ongoing surgeries.
Neural tube defectsTrusted Sourceaffect the brain and spinal cord. These structural anomalies occur in the first few months of pregnancy, when the brain and spinal cord of a fetus are forming. Types of neural tube defect include: 1. Anencephaly:This occurs when parts of the brain and skull do not form at all. 2. Encephalocele:This occurs when the n...
Sometimes, the stomach muscles do not form properly and leave a hole near the belly button. This can mean that the intestines or organs are outside of the body. In gastroschisisTrusted Source, the abdominal wall does not completely close, so the bowel can push through and develop outside of the body. The organs will not have a protective sac. In om...
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May 16, 2024 · At a glance. Major birth defects are structural changes in one or more parts of the body. They are present at birth. They can have a serious, adverse effect on the health, development, or functional ability of the baby. Information about specific birth defects.
May 26, 2017 · Find information on birth defects, including what causes them, how they're diagnosed, and how they can be prevented.
Mar 15, 2023 · Birth defects are differences in the way your child’s body develops. There are several types of birth defects, with causes that range from genetic changes to environmental factors. Examples include congenital heart conditions, a cleft lip and Down syndrome.
May 16, 2024 · Birth defects are common, affecting 1 in every 33 babies born in the United States each year. They are also the leading cause of infant deaths, accounting for 20%, or 1 in 5, of all infant deaths.
A birth defect (congenital anomaly) is a health problem or abnormal physical change that is present when a baby is born. Birth defects can be very mild, where the baby looks and acts like any other baby. Or birth defects can be more severe. Some birth defects cause a single problem. Others cause problems in more than one body system or organ.
