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Learn how to form and use the 12 basic English tenses with lessons, quizzes and examples. Don't worry too much about tense, just speak naturally like native speakers.
- What Is A Verb Tense?
- Verb Tenses List: How Many Tenses Are There in English?
- Past Tenses
- Present Tenses
- Future Tenses
- Verb Tense FAQs
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Verb tensesshow when an action took place, as well as how long it occurred. The main verb tenses are the past, present, and future. There are also additional aspects that give extra details, such as the length of time the action occurred, which actions happened first, or whether a past action has an impact on the present. These grammatical aspects ...
The standard tense in English is the present tense, which is usually just the root form of the verb. The past and future tenses often require changes or additions to the root form, such as the suffix–edfor the past tense and the modal verb willfor the future. However, for each of the past, present, and future tenses, there are four different aspect...
Simple past
We use the simple pastto show actions completed in the past, with no extra emphasis. For regular verbs, you form the simple past tense by adding the suffix –edto the end of the verb (or just –dif the past tense verb already ends in an e). Be careful of irregularpast tense verbs, however. These don’t follow the normal rules and use their own unique forms for the past tense. For example, the past tense of the irregular verb gois went. Regular verbs:I pickedup the glass, but it droppedfrom my ha...
Past perfect
[had] + [past participle] What if you’re talking about two different actions in the past and want to show that one happened before the other? The past perfect, also known as the pluperfect, shows that one past action happened earlier than another one. She had arrivedat the office before she realized it was Sunday. I ran to my car when I noticed my wife had leftalready.
Past continuous
[was/were] + [present participle] Use the past continuousto show an ongoing action in the past, especially if the action was interrupted by another action. It’s also used for habitual actions that occurred in the past but not in the present. It’s usually used with adverbs like alwaysor adverb phrases like all the time. My dog was whimpering in his sleepwhen the TV woke him up. As kids, my friends and I werealways gettinginto trouble.
Simple present
The simple presentis the most basic of the English tenses. It’s used for individual actions or habitual actions in the present. Often the simple present is just the root verb with no changes or additions. The main exception to this is when the subject is third person and singular. In this case you add the suffix –s. If the verb ends in o,ch,sh,th,ss,gh, orz, you add –es. If the verb ends in a consonant and y(and the subject is third-person singular), drop the yand add –ies. Today I feellike a...
Present perfect
[have/has] + [past participle] Although it’s quite common, the present perfectis one of the most difficult English verb tenses. It is used to describe a few different types of actions, including: 1. an ongoing action started in the past that is not yet completed 2. the same action completed multiple times in the past and likely to be completed again 3. an action completed very recently (usually with justor now) 4. an uncompleted action that is expected to be finished (in the negative) Additio...
Present continuous
[am/is/are] + [present participle] Use the present continuousto show an action happening right now or in the near future. I am reading The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxyfor the fifth time! We are eatingpizza tonight.
Simple future
Use the simple futurefor actions that have not happened yet but will later. To form the simple future, just place the modal verb willbefore the root form of the main verb. (Note that if the action will happen in the near future, you can use the present continuous instead.) She will bepresident one day. I willnot goto the wedding without a date!
Future perfect
[will] + [have] + [past participle] The future perfectshows an action that will be completed in the future by a specified time. Because it depends on another time, the future perfect is often used with words like by, before,at, or when. By the time you read this, I will havealready left. She will have eatenlunch before her sister even wakes up.
Future continuous
[will] + [be] + [present participle] Use the future continuoustense for future actions happening over a period of time, especially when a specific time is mentioned. The future continuous tense also shows more certainty and likelihood than the simple future. By this time tomorrow, I will be drinkingmargaritas on the beach. We will be attending a meeting from noon until 3 p.m.
What are verb tenses?
Verb tenses are changes or additions to verbs to show when the action took place: in the past, present, or future. The phrase verb tenseis also used for grammatical aspects, which show how long an action occurs.
What are the different types of verb tenses?
The three main verb tenses are the past, present, and future, but there are also four grammatical aspects: simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous. When you combine the three time periods with the four aspects, you get twelve unique verb tenses.
What are some examples of the different verb tenses?
The simple tenses show actions happening at different times, while the perfect tenses show completed actions that relate to different time periods. The continuous tenses are for ongoing actions that take a while to complete. The perfect continuous tenses combine the perfect and continuous tenses to describe ongoing actions that happen over a period of time.
Learn the definition, forms, and functions of the twelve main verb tenses in English, from simple to perfect to continuous. See examples of how to use each tense in different contexts and situations.
Learn the rules and forms of different English tenses with this comprehensive table. See examples of affirmative, negative and question sentences for each tense and signal words.
TenseAffirmative/negative/questionUseSignal WordsA: He speaks. N: He does not speak. Q: ...action in the present taking place ...always, every …, never, normally, often, ...A: He is speaking. N: He is not speaking.action taking place in the moment of ...at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, ...A: He spoke. N: He did not speak. Q: Did ...action in the past taking place once, ...yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the ...A: He was speaking. N: He was not ...action going on at a certain time in the ...while, as long asMay 8, 2023 · Learn the definition, structure, and usage of 12 basic tenses in English, from present to future perfect continuous. Find tips, exercises, and examples to master verb tenses in English.
This table of tenses in English grammar provides an overview of the 12 different verb tenses with examples, usage tips and signal words.
TensePositive/negative/questionWhen To UseSignal WordsSimple Present (Present Simple)He speaks. He doesn’t speak. Does he ...repeated/regular action in the present ...always, every …, never, normally, often, ...Present Progressive (Present Continuous)He is speaking. He isn’t speaking. Is he ...actions currently in progress temporary ...at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, ...Simple Past (Past Simple; Preterite)He spoke. He didn’t speak. Did he ...completed past actions (one-off or ...yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the ...Past Progressive (Past Continuous)He was speaking. He wasn’t speaking. Was ...actions already in progress at a specific ...while, as long asLearn how to use different tenses to talk or write about different times, such as present, past and future. Find out how to refer to past and present time with past and present tense forms, and how to express future time with various constructions.
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May 2, 2024 · Learn the 12 basic tenses in English with a simple and effective chart that shows the grammar formula, personal pronouns, and examples for each tense. Find out how to use the present, past, and future tenses to express times and states regarding an action.