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Promoter
- To begin transcribing a gene, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA of the gene at a region called the promoter. Basically, the promoter tells the polymerase where to "sit down" on the DNA and begin transcribing. Each gene (or, in bacteria, each group of genes transcribed together) has its own promoter.
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Initiation (promoters), elongation, and termination. Key points: Transcription is the process in which a gene's DNA sequence is copied (transcribed) to make an RNA molecule. RNA polymerase is the main transcription enzyme.
Jul 31, 2022 · Initiation is the beginning of transcription. It occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter . This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the DNA strands.
Transcription of a gene takes place in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. Here, we will briefly see how these steps happen in bacteria. You can learn more about the details of each stage (and about how eukaryotic transcription is different) in the stages of transcription article. Initiation.
- No, you're not wrong. A tRNA contains hairpins as well, though the hairpins play different roles in the two cases. In transcription termination, th...
- Good question! Introns have multiple roles in biology including the regulation of gene expression. Other introns have functions after they are spli...
- Not really. Introns enable one gene to produce multiple polypeptide sequences, thereby creating a more efficient genome. This will make more sense...
- Really there isn't much difference — as far as I know the existence of the two terms is an accident of history — my advice would be to use gene. Ma...
- Yes, helicase was the enzyme that makes the DNA to unwinds its strands by breaking the Hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides.
- The RNA is actually synthesized using the antisense (complementary) strand as the template.
- This is briefly covered in the next article — short answer: yes, but transcription termination is still being actively studied and is not completel...
- Introns are actually noncoding DNA segments (in other words, they do not code for proteins), so splicing them out actually helps produce a function...
- No, transcription starts upstream of the AUG, so the mRNA contains a 5' untranslated region. Then ribosomes translate starting from the AUG in the...
- A hairpin loop is an unpaired loop of messenger RNA (mRNA) that is created when an mRNA strand folds and forms base pairs with another section of t...
Oct 31, 2023 · Initiation of Transcription in Eukaryotes. Unlike the prokaryotic RNA polymerase that can bind to a DNA template on its own, eukaryotes require several other proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region and then help recruit the appropriate polymerase.
Learn how transcription uses DNA as a template to make mRNA. The three steps are initiation, elongation, and termination. See how RNA polymerase binds to the promoter, reads the DNA strand, and detaches from the mRNA.
Learn how DNA is converted to RNA in the process of transcription, and how RNA polymerase and promoters regulate gene expression. Explore the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription, and the role of enhancers and sigma subunits.
Oct 29, 2020 · In this Review, Chen, Boyaci and Campbell examine universal pathways and diverse regulatory mechanisms in transcription initiation in evolutionarily divergent bacteria, and they discuss the ...
