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James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 1881 until his death the following September after being shot by an assassin in July.
- Early Years. James Abram Garfield was born on November 19, 1831, in a log cabin in Orange, Ohio, near Cleveland. His father, Abram Garfield, died less than two years later, so his mother, Eliza Ballou Garfield, raised young James and her older children while also managing the family’s small farm.
- The U.S. Civil War. When the U.S. Civil War (1861-65) broke out, Garfield joined the Union army and served as a lieutenant colonel with the 42nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry.
- Congressional Career. Garfield began serving in the House in December 1863, and would remain in Congress until 1881. During this time, he served on a number of important congressional committees.
- Presidential Election of 1880. The 1880 presidential convention found Garfield campaigning for his longtime friend and fellow Republican John Sherman (1823-1900).
James A. Garfield (born November 19, 1831, near Orange [in Cuyahoga county], Ohio, U.S.—died September 19, 1881, Elberon [now in Long Branch], New Jersey) was the 20th president of the United States (March 4–September 19, 1881). He had the second shortest tenure in U.S. presidential history.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
James A. Garfield: Life in Brief. By Justus Doenecke. James A. Garfield is remembered as one of the four "lost Presidents" who served rather uneventfully after the Civil War. Of the four lost Presidents—Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, and Harrison—Garfield is best remembered for his dramatic assassination a mere 100 days after he assumed office.
Learn about the life and achievements of James Garfield, the last of the log cabin Presidents who fought political corruption and strengthened Federal authority. He was assassinated after 200 days in office in 1881.
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James A. Garfield - 20th President, Assassination, Civil War: By the time of his election, Garfield had begun to see education rather than the ballot box as the best hope for improving the lives of African Americans.
Learn about the life and presidency of James A. Garfield, one of the four \"lost presidents\" after the Civil War. Explore his views on slavery, citizenship, and the American franchise, as well as his assassination and legacy.
