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1. • • It is impossible to predict with certainty the emergence of a future pandemic, including a 1918-like virus. Pandemics occur when an influenza virus emerges to which there is little, or no, preexisting immunity in the human population.
     archive.cdc.gov › www_cdc_gov › flu

     Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Virus | CDC

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   Could new antivirals be effective against a 1918-like virus?

   • Scientists continue to work on development of new antivirals which may be effective against a 1918-like virus. The reconstruction of the 1918 H1N1 pandemic virus and subsequent studies that followed showed that the 1918 polymerase genes contribute to efficient replication of the pandemic virus.

   Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Virus | CDC

   archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/flu/about/qa/1918flupandemic.htm

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   Was the 1918 Spanish flu a virulence?

   • This report describes the successful reconstruction of the influenza A (H1N1) virus responsible for the 1918 “Spanish flu” pandemic and provides new information about the properties that contributed to its exceptional virulence.

   Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Virus | CDC

   archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/flu/about/qa/1918flupandemic.htm

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   Does H274Y neuraminidase cause death in influenza A (H1N1) infection?

   • Although the H274Y mutation in influenza A (H1N1) neuraminidase had been previously reported 49, 50, its occurrence in influenza A (H5N1) infection raised concern as it was associated with death in two of the eight influenza A (H5N1)-infected patients 51.

   Antiviral agents active against influenza A viruses - Nature

   www.nature.com/articles/nrd2175

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3. archive.cdc.gov › www_cdc_gov › fluReconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Virus | CDC

   archive.cdc.gov › www_cdc_gov › flu

   • Cached

   Oct 7, 2005 · Could a 1918-like H1N1 virus re-emerge and cause a pandemic again? It is impossible to predict with certainty the emergence of a future pandemic, including a 1918-like virus. Pandemics occur when an influenza virus emerges to which there is little, or no, preexisting immunity in the human population.

4. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesSelective Bottlenecks Shape Evolutionary Pathways Taken ...

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Feb 2, 2016 · Abstract. Avian influenza virus reassortants resembling the 1918 human pandemic virus can become transmissible among mammals by acquiring mutations in hemagglutinin (HA) and polymerase. Using the ferret model, we trace the evolutionary pathway by which an avian-like virus evolves the capacity for mammalian replication and airborne transmission.

   • Author: Louise H. Moncla, Gongxun Zhong, Chase W. Nelson, Jorge M. Dinis, James Mutschler, Austin L. Hughes,...
   • DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.01.011

   • Publish Year: 2016
   • Published: 2016/02/02

5. www.researchgate.net › publication › 263095368Circulating Avian Influenza Viruses Closely Related to the ...

   www.researchgate.net › publication › 263095368

   Jun 11, 2014 · Our phylogenetic and geographic analyses revealed the global prevalence of avian influenza virus genes whose proteins differ only a few amino acids from the 1918 pandemic influenza virus,...

6. www.sciencedirect.com › science › articleInfluenza Viruses En Route from Birds to Man - ScienceDirect

   www.sciencedirect.com › science › article

   Jun 11, 2014 · Leader mutations have been observed in some PB2 and HA genes of avian viruses from which the 1918-like H1N1 virus has been assembled (Watanabe et al., 2014) and may therefore accelerate evolution toward a human virus.

   • Author: Hans Dieter Klenk

   • Publish Year: 2014

7. www.who.int › news-room › spotlightInfluenza - World Health Organization (WHO)

   www.who.int › news-room › spotlight

   • Cached

   The influenza virus is constantly mutating – essentially putting on ever-changing disguises – to evade our immune systems. When a new virus emerges that can easily infect people and be spread between people, and to which most people have no immunity, it can turn into a pandemic. "Another pandemic caused by a new influenza virus is a certainty.

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8. www.nature.com › articles › nrd2175Antiviral agents active against influenza A viruses | Nature ...

   www.nature.com › articles › nrd2175

   Dec 1, 2006 · This indicates that current antiviral strategies could be effective in curbing a re-emerging 1918 or 1918-like influenza (H1N1) virus 47.

9. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesAntiviral agents active against influenza A viruses - PMC

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   This indicates that current antiviral strategies could be effective in curbing a re-emerging 1918 or 1918-like influenza (H1N1) virus 47.