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Shafi’i Madhhab, Malik Madhhab, and Hanbali Madhhab
- The three Madhahib (plural for Madhhab) are the Shafi’i Madhhab, Malik Madhhab, and Hanbali Madhhab.
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A madhhab (Arabic: مَذْهَب, romanized: madhhab, lit. 'way to act', IPA:, pl. مَذَاهِب, madhāhib, [ˈmaðaːhib]) refers to any school of thought within Islamic jurisprudence. The major Sunni maddhab are Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali.
There are four major legal schools (madhahib) within Sunnism: Hanafi : Founded by Imam Abu Hanifa (699-767), this school is especially dominant in South Asia (Pakistan, India) and Turkey. It is known for its flexibility and use of personal opinion (ra’y) in interpreting the law.
- Ja‘fari. The Ja‘fari school of thought was headed by Imam Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq who lived from 83H to 148H. He was born in and died in the holy city of Madina, and he is the sixth Imam of the twelve designated imams of the school of Ahlul Bayt.
- Hanafi. The Hanafi school of thought was headed by Imam al-Nu΄man ibn Thabit (Abu Hanifa) who lived from 80H to 150H. Imam Abu Hanifa was born to a non-Arab father, was raised in Kufa, and died in Baghdad.
- Maliki. The Maliki school of thought was headed by Imam Malik ibn Anas al-Asbahi who lived from 93H to 179H. He was born in the holy city of Madina, and his fame spread throughout Hijaz.
- Shafi΄i. The Shafi΄i school of thought was headed by Imam Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi΄i who lived from 150H to 198H. Imam Shafi΄i was born in Hijaz and his school of thought emerged in Egypt.
Jan 3, 2023 · So, the question comes about as to what the other three Madhahib (schools of jurisprudence) are, which the rest of the Muslim world rightfully follows and have established countless societal structures with them. The three Madhahib (plural for Madhhab) are the Shafi’i Madhhab, Malik Madhhab, and Hanbali Madhhab.
- The Hanafi School. The Imam of this school was called Abu Hanifah, Nu`man bin Thabit (may Allah have mercy upon him). He was of Persian origin. He was born in Kufa, Iraq, in the year 80 AH.
- The Maliki School. The Imam of this school is Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy upon him) who was born in 95 AH and passed away in 179 AH at the age of 86.
- The Shafi’i School. The Imam of this school is Muhammad bin Idris (may Allah have mercy upon him). He was born in Gazzah in the year 150AH on the very day that Imam Abu Hanifah passed away.
- The Hanbali School. The Imam of this school is Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Hanbal (may Allah have mercy upon him) who was born in 164 A.H and passed away in 241 A.H at the age of 77.
There are many different theories, or schools of jurisprudence, that seek to answer these questions. These schools include natural law, legal positivism, legal realism, and...
Jan 30, 2015 · Q-News Interview. The word madhhab is derived from an Arabic word meaning “to go” or “to take as a way”, and refers to a mujtahids choice in regard to a number of interpretive possibilities in deriving the rule of Allah from the primary texts of the Qur’an and hadith on a particular question.
