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Heian period
- The middle of the Heian period was when lamellar armour started to take the shape that would be associated with samurai armour. By the late Heian period Japanese lamellar armour developed into full-fledged samurai armour called Ō-yoroi.
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When did Japanese lamellar armour become full samurai armour?
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Scholars agree that Japanese armour first appeared in the 4th century, with the discovery of the cuirass and basic helmets in graves. [1] During the Heian period (794-1185), the unique Japanese samurai armour ō-yoroi and dō-maru appeared. [2]
By the late Heian period Japanese lamellar armour developed into full-fledged samurai armour called Ō-yoroi. Japanese lamellar armour was made from hundreds or even thousands of individual leather (rawhide) or iron scales or lamellae known as kozane , that were lacquered and laced together into armour strips.
As warfare moved from cavalry to massed ranks of foot soldiers, so armour styles changed and became lighter and more flexible. Helmets from earlier periods were often incorporated into these new suits of armour. 120-plate helmet, signed Yoshihide, about 1700-1800, Joshu Province, Japan.
During the feudal wars in the 16th century many new types of armour appeared. Construction in this period was predominantly lamellar, but during the peaceful Edo period (1603-1868), some armourers returned to scale construction. Full-plate armours appeared in the middle of the 16th century and, despite their high price, quickly gained popularity.
This suit of Samurai armour dates from between 1840 and 1880. It is made up of several sections: The main body section is a do or cuirass. It is made from a series of plates or lamellae, little oblong-shaped pieces of steel linked by strips of leather and covered with layers of lacquer. Samurai Body Armour.
The yumi, or the Japanese longbow, was a formidable weapon in the hands of the samurai. Samurai archers trained extensively to master the art of kyūdō, the way of the bow. The yumi was typically made from bamboo, wood, and leather, and could be up to two meters (6.5 feet) long. Its asymmetrical shape allowed for more efficient use on ...
The way of the warrior. Samurai means ‘one who serves’, and members of the samurai caste followed a strict code of conduct known as bushido, or ‘the way of the warrior’. Wearing the correct armour and carrying the right weapons were vital aspects of being a samurai. This splendid suit of armour dates from the early 19th century.
