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Joan I (14 January 1273 – 31 March/2 April 1305) [1] ( Basque: Joana, Spanish: Juana) was ruling Queen of Navarre and Countess of Champagne from 1274 until 1305. She was also Queen of France by marriage to King Philip IV. She founded the College of Navarre in Paris in 1305.
Joan and Philip returned to Navarre in April 1336. Their second visit lasted till October 1337. Philip twice returned to the realm, but Joan did not accompany him. Philip III died in September 1343. She soon replaced Philip of Melun, who had administered Navarre in the royal couple's name, with William of Brahe.
Joan I and Philip IV grew up together in France and were very fond of each other. At the age of eleven, Joan I was married to Philip IV (he was sixteen at that time) in August 1284. Just over a year later, Philip III died, making Philip IV the king and Joan I the queen consort of France.
In 1328, Philip and Joan succeeded to the throne of Navarre, and at age 26, Joan finally wore a crown. Theirs was a double succession, for, as the true heir of the French king, Navarre was Joan's birthright, and her husband was a close relative of the dead French king Philip V.
Joan came to the throne as queen of Navarre on the death of her father in 1274, giving her hegemony over the lands of Navarre, Brie, and Champagne. Though her kingdom was annexed to France by her marriage to the powerful king Philip IV the Fair, she seems to have been allowed to continue free reign over her lands.
Besides the Kingdom of Navarre nestled in the Pyrenees, Charles had extensive lands in Normandy, inherited from his father, Count Philip of Évreux, and his mother, Queen Joan II of Navarre, who had received them as compensation for resigning her claims to France, Champagne, and Brie in 1328.
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The Kingdom of Navarre, former independent kingdom of Spain which occupied the area of the present province of Navarra. The kingdom was home to sizable Moorish and Jewish populations, and despite its small size in the later Middle Ages, it played a significant role in international politics.
